Assignment: Presentation of Epidemiology

Assignment: Presentation of Epidemiology
Assignment: Presentation of Epidemiology
Assignment: Presentation of Epidemiology
Week 7 discussion Presentation of Epidemiological Problem Abstract This week you will share your findings from your problem paper. You will write up an abstract summarizing your findings. Your abstract should consist of 100 to 500 words. Keep in mind that an abstract should summarize your research, including its key themes and problems and providing your major conclusion
Epidemiology is the “study of distribution and determinants of health-related states among specified populations and the application of that study to the control of health problems.” — A Dictionary of Epidemiology
These materials provide an overview of epidemiology investigations, methods, and data collection.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorder in the United States, and leads to substantial morbidity, though associated mortality is rare. The prevalence of GERD symptoms appeared to increase until 1999. Risk factors for complications of GERD include advanced age, male sex, white race, abdominal obesity, and tobacco use. Most patients with GERD present with heartburn and effortless regurgitation. Coexistent dysphagia is considered an alarm symptom, prompting evaluation. There is substantial overlap between symptoms of GERD and those of eosinophilic esophagitis, functional dyspepsia, and gastroparesis, posing a challenge for patient management.Major areas of epidemiological study include disease causation, transmission, outbreak investigation, disease surveillance, environmental epidemiology, forensicepidemiology, occupational epidemiology, screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects such as in clinical trials.
Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and of health and disease conditions in defined .
It is a cornerstone of , and shapes policy decisions and by identifying for disease and targets for . Epidemiologists help with study design, collection, and of data, amend interpretation and dissemination of results (including and occasional ). Epidemiology has helped develop used in , studies, and, to a lesser extent, in the biological sciences.
Major areas of epidemiological study include disease causation, , investigation, , , , , , , and comparisons of treatment effects such as in . Epidemiologists rely on other scientific disciplines like to better understand disease processes, to make efficient use of the data and draw appropriate conclusions, to better understand proximate and distal causes, and for .
Epidemiology, literally meaning “the study of what is upon the people”, is derived from epi, meaning ‘upon, among’, , meaning ‘people, district’, and , meaning ‘study, word, discourse’, suggesting that it applies only to human populations. However, the term is widely used in studies of zoological populations (veterinary epidemiology), although the term “” is available, and it has also been applied to studies of plant populations (botanical or ).
The distinction between “epidemic” and “endemic” was first drawn by , to distinguish between diseases that are “visited upon” a population (epidemic) from those that “reside within” a population (endemic). The term “epidemiology” appears to have first been used to describe the study of epidemics in 1802 by the Spanish physician Villalba in Epidemiología Española. Epidemiologists also study the interaction of diseases in a population, a condition known as a .