Biology

Modern medical science has allowed people who have been blind for their entire life to have their sight restored. When sight is restored do you think that these people will immediately see in the same way as someone who has never lost their sight? What components of the visual system would affect what the person sees in this situation and how they interpret it?

Assignment – The human body is a whole consisting of the following systems that are interconnected: integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, sensory, endocrine, cardiovascular and lymphatic, body’s defense, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive. Explain the major functions of each system and link one function to another system explaining how the two systems are interconnected. You can start with any system that you like. ????????????: 2000 ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? 2000 ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? 2,000

please answer the following using information about microbiology and results from attatched photo 1. Describe the effect of increasing salt concentration on bacterial growth observed in this investigation. How did each species respond to salt concentration? 2. Is either of the two bacterial species you tested a halophile? Explain your answer. 3. Some strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are able to cause food poisoning if the food in which they are growing is consumed. All strains of E. coli grow in similar environmental circumstances. Likewise, S. aureus grows in similar conditions as its close relative S. epidermidis. Which species would be more likely to cause food poisoning by growing in deli meats such as ham: E. coli or S. aureus? Explain your answer.

Many folks think of evolution as a topic relevant only to Darwin and a few scientists. In reality, evolution touches your life every day. The cereal you eat for breakfast comes from a grain that has evolved to its current state after generations of artificial selection by humans. If you get a flu shot, the reason you have to get one every year is that viruses constantly evolve, and a vaccine that works this year may not work next year. If you wash your hands with antibacterial soap, you will kill some bacteria, but other bacteria may have mutations that make them resistant to the agent used in the soap. Evolution is going on all around us all the time; if we want to help make decisions to protect the environment and ensure a healthy future and a plentiful food supply, we need to understand how it works. Now that you have completed several modules covering various aspects of the theory of evolution, we want you to apply that knowledge to some real-word examples. For this assignment, you should 1. Open the .pdf attachment labeled Evolution, Science, and Society: Evolutionary Biology and the National Research Agenda (a project sponsored by the A. P. Sloan Foundation and the National Science Foundation in 1998). 2. In the .pdf, scroll to “How Does Evolutionary Biology Contribute to Society?” (page 5) 3. There are 6 topics listed on that page. We ask that you pick one of the following 5 topics as the subject on which you will write your paper (NOT “Understanding Humanity”): Environment and Conservation Agriculture and Natural Resources Finding Useful Natural Products Human Health and Medicine Biotechnology Select ONE of these topics and investigate it. To begin, search for the topic/keyword in the actual report (hint: use the find function in your browser / PDF reader). Look for specific examples of how evolution is related to your topic. Next, perform an internet search on your topic to find more examples and add to what you have already learned. You need to identify at least 4 specific examples related to your topic. 4. For each of your 4 examples, write a brief paragraph (3-5 sentences minimum) describing what it is and explaining how this example demonstrates that understanding the principles of evolutionary biology contributes to society. Be specific! If you describe an example but don’t make it clear how our understanding of evolution relates to that example, you will earn no points. These examples must be in your own words – do not copy and paste from your sources; this is academic misconduct/plagiarism and will be treated as such! Make sure to cite the sources that you use. For example, if your topic was “Finding Useful Natural Products”, one of the examples mentioned in the report involved the Pacific Yew tree. So your paragraph might be something like this: Finding useful natural products In the 1960s the Pacific yew was discovered to contain a substance that was useful in treating certain cancers. Sadly, the tree needed to be destroyed in order to produce enough taxol to treat one patient. This destructive harvesting threatened the existence of the Pacific yew. Luckily, by furthering our understanding of the evolutionary relationships within the yew family we discovered that a close relative of the Pacific yew, the European yew, contained a similar compound in its leaves, which allowed for easier extractions and harvests, and did not destroy the individual. Thanks to our understanding of evolutionary biology we were able to more readily produce taxol which has resulted in countless lives saved. Citation: “Drug Discovery”. Understanding Evolution. UC Berkeley. Web. 02 Feb. 2016. (provide link if source cannot be easily found) Note that because it has been provided as a sample answer, you cannot use the Pacific yew as one of your examples in your paper!

Pick a clinical condition (disease, syndrome etc) that interests you. First, explain what you know about the condition and the organ system(s) that are affected by this condition. Then explain how this condition is a departure from homeostasis. By studying Human Physiology, what did you learn that allows you to better understand this condition?

What are the advantages of putting telescopes in space? Provide specific examples of three current space telescopes.

1. In module 4 we learned about the U.S. EPA’s Superfund program that monitors and regulates sites with contaminated soil and groundwater systems. Visit the following EPA Superfund link to find out more about a Superfund site near you(Links to an external site.)(where you currently live or where you grew up).  (Links to an external site.)If you live outside the U.S. look up information about a source of soil or water contamination near you OR pick a state of interest to you on the EPA website.  Describe the following about the site you picked (9 points total, as described below):location of the site (2 points)specific pollutant(s) present (2 points)source or explain how the pollution got there (2 points)what is being done to clean up the site/water source (3 points)Note, some sites do not have complete descriptions, so make sure you pick a site for which you can include all of the information requested above.Much of the pollution on Earth is connected to consumerism and single-use plastic items. Watch CaptaiCharles Moore’s TED Talk, where he describes the effect of on the oceans: blob:https://embed.ted.com/717fa330-dc7d-4120-a97c-7b7ed7a58f7aHere’s another video which covers the production of plastics, the benefits and consequences of using plastics, and its effects on human health: the TED Talk byCharles Moore, what are two ways plastics directly affect marine organisms? (3 points)How are most microplastics formed in the ocean?(3 points)How do microplastics specifically affect marine organisms (note, different from question above)? (2points)What percentage of infants and adults have phthalates in their bodies? What percentage have bpa in their urine? (4 points)Describe 3 things YOU can do (or already do) to reduce the amount of waste and/or pollution that you create. (3 points per action described, 9 points total)V

Films 1) List the main idea you learned from the film/documentary/series and explain how you can apply what you learned to your life. 2) Identify 3-5 key concepts from the chapters assigned (chapters 1 & 2) Concepts like: religion, syncretism, ritual, sacred, magic, anthropology, etc. Make sure you first give the definition of the key concept and then give direct examples from the film (i.e. “Anthropology is defined by Stein and Stein as the study of humans in time and space (p.10) and in his lecture Wade Davis explains how anthropology enables us to “)Make sure you use a separate paragraph for each of these concepts and you highlight, bold or underline the concept.

The Golden Age of Microbiology changed medicine and microbiology forever. During this age the germ theory of disease was established, disinfectants introduced, the role of immunity established, vaccines developed, surgical techniques and microbiology culture techniques developed. Begin with Edward Jenner and end your essay with the works of Elizabeth Bugie and Rebecca Lancefield. 

Role of stem cells the in therapy of neuro-degenerative diseases (such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and Huntington’s disease)