Economics

Briefly describe the central bank of the United States and how it is organized. How does this organization interact with the banking system and how does the banking system relate to what we have studied regarding the macroeconomic goals of this country? Be sure to answer all parts of this question. You are selected as a trusted economic advisor to a newly elected Representative in the House of Representatives.  His constituent group is very much against “big government” and fiscal and monetary policy measures that “intervene” with the economy.  However he learns very quickly that taking extreme stances will not keep him in office very long.  He wants to understand where other policymakers are coming from in terms of their understanding. Therefore, he asks you to prepare a brief (a short, succinct essay of no more than 1-1.5 pages) explaining the rationale commonly held for intervention in the economy both when it is in recession and when it is booming.  Please prepare a brief to assist the newly elected representative.

1) With ultra-low interest rates, countries such as Canada are building up large debt to GDP ratios. Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland has said recently large debts should not be a worry because interest rates are so low. Do you agree or disagree? Discuss critically.

answer two questions: (half page is enough of each) 1. The emergence of township village enterprises is a unique phenomenon in China compared to developing countries. Why were collectively owned TVEs a success in China? Explain this in terms of initial conditions but also in terms of benefits of TVEs for local authorities and entrepreneurs as well as benefits from the collaboration.  2. Why is it important to distinguish between the stock and the flow of non performing loans? How does one usually deal with the stock problem?  How does one usually deal with the flow problem? How has China dealt with both problems?

Find a minimum of two articles pertaining to the Corona Virus and how it has impacted us locally (in North Dakota or your hometown.)  Make sure you include links to your articles.   You will create a Word Document with the following information and upload it as an attachment below. 1)  Write a three (3) page (minimum) review of these articles, including how they relate to what we have studied in this Economics class.  You must clearly identify five (5) concepts (use bold font) we have studied in this course and show how the articles illustrate them.   Also include how you have been impacted personally, especially in regard to these concepts. 2)  Based on these articles, write 5 questions, including answers, that you would ask if you were the instructor.    Your questions must relate the article to the economic terms and concepts from the Chapters we have studied.  You should have a question tied to each concept you identified within your review.

Principal Agent Problems: What are principal agent problems and what does theory tell us will happen when they appear? Empirically, what happens? What are ways to solve issues of moral hazard and how have they been used in empirical studies? What future research areas do you think should be expanded on in the study of principal agent problems? Provide one research question that you would be interested in studying.

Each student will be responsible for tracking the weekly movement of the following financial variables from (SEPTEMBER 23rd – NOVEMBER 9th):  Dow Jones Industrial Average Shanghai Composite Tokyo Nikkei NASDAQ S&P 500 Russell 2000 price of gold the price of silver price of oil, the federal funds rate 3-month T-Bill rate 10-year T-Note rate dollar exchange rates for the Japanese Yen Chinese yuan and the euro.   (DATA NEEDS TO BE TRACKED IN EXCEL FOR EACH WEEK) At the end of the semester, each student must submit her/his data, time-series graphs of the data, and a written summary analyzing the fluctuations of the data observed.  The analysis should focus on the reasons for any  movements in the data and on the interrelationships among the different variables. interrelationships among the different variables.

SUPPLY AND DEMAND Assignment Overview In this assignment, you will be applying the reading and research you have done to answer questions dealing with various aspects of supply, demand, and equilibrium. This is a multi-part assignment, so make sure that you have addressed each question or topic. The best way to approach this assignment is to prepare your responses in outline form following the order of each question/topic. This will help you keep track of your responses. Case Assignment After reading the materials from the Background page and other sources you found on your own, address the following questions in an essay or short-answer form: In some cases, the government can intervene in the market when the equilibrium price is too high or low. For example, a price ceiling is a legal maximum price that can be charged in a particular market. Do some research on your own. Here are some sites to help you get started: What Happens to the Equilibrium Price When Quantity of Supply & demand Shifts Upward? Chirantan Basu, 2018. Retrieved from https://tinyurl.com/y8qz8v8o (https://smallbusiness.chron.com/happens-equilibrium-price-quantity-supply-demand-shifts-upward-36644.html) Price ceilings and price floors: how does quantity demanded react to artificial constraints on process? Khan Academy. https://tinyurl.com/yaxj34ym  ) Is a price ceiling set above or below the market price? Give an example of a price ceiling and discuss some disadvantages and advantages of this type of government intervention. An art museum raises its admission price, and ends up with a decrease in its total revenue. How could you explain this situation to the museum director? Suppose Billy drinks two cups of coffee a day no matter what the price. What does this mean in terms of supply and demand equilibrium? What are the main determinants of equilibrium of demand and supply? Which is likely to have more of an impact on supply and therefore market equilibrium: the demand for orange juice or the demand for a particular brand of orange juice? Assignment Expectations Use concepts from the modular background readings as well as any good quality resources you can find. Cite all sources within the text and provide a cover sheet, and a reference page at the end of the paper. Length: 4–5 typed pages; double-spaced, 12-point Times New Roman font The following items will be assessed in particular: Your ability to understand an application of supply and demand. The use of some in-text references to the modular background material. The essay should address each element of the assignment. Remember to support your answers with solid references, including the case readings.

For your final assignment write a 3-page (minimum) paper on the Federal Government’s responsibility regarding the COVID vaccine and how it relates to the Macroeconomics we have studied.  What was Government’s responsibility prior to vaccine development? (Hint:  Consider operation Warp Speed.)  What Macroeconomic concepts were involved? What is it going forward now that the vaccine is developed?  What Macroeconomic concepts are involved? Some Economists propose paying citizens to get the vaccine.  What would the Macroeconomic ramifications be if that happens?  Research at least one current article for each point listed above to verify what actions: have been taken, will be taken, and could be taken. You must include links to your sources, and do NOT use Wikipedia.  Identify your Macoreconomic Concepts using Bold Font throughout your paper.  At least one concept is required for each article.  Make very clear why the concepts are identifed as such and how they are being used.

Market Structures Write a brief description of each of the four types of market structures. Which provide the most benefits to consumers, and why? Which provide the most benefits to producers, and why?

The U.S federal government and 48 sate attorneys general have sued Facebook to force its break up and require any future acquisitions in the social media space to be reviewed by anti trust officials. what approach do you support with respect to Facebook. the activists or laissez faire approach and why? discuss the benefits to the consumer by your decision and us all of the following terms in your discussion. regulatory capture, Sherman anti trust act , horizontal or vertical merger