Finance

Analyze working capital and cash flow similarities and differences using numbers from the company you chose.

Module Learning Outcomes Assessed:Examine the strategic, economic, and/or financial elements of airlines across different strategic, economic, and/or financial areas.Understand the theoretical and real-life principles, which underpin, influence, and shape the industry.TaskYou need to identify Virgin Atlantic Airways airline’s strategy, analyse the financial performance and examine its Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. .This coursework requires you to familiarise yourself and keep up to date with Virgin Atlantic Airways. It requires you to analyse its annual report and any investor presentations (if publicly available); magazine articles (online or offline); newspaper reports; journal papers; books; or otherwise. The need for information to be publicly available is crucial.Mark Allocation1. Identify and examine the strategy of Virgin Atlantic Airways. For example, you may focus on, its markets in dynamics (for example 3-5 years), its value proposition, its key competitors, and / or its key sources of competitive advantage: 25%2. Analyse and comment on the financial performance of Virgin Atlantic Airways: 25%3. Identify and analyse Virgin Atlantic Airways’ strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats: 40% (10% for each)4. References, spelling, grammar, report structure, and presentation: 10%You are reminded of expectations relating to plagiarism and collusion should refer to the Academic Conduct Guide for further guidanceImportant: please read! Academic conduct guide.

Name and define the 7 deadly sins of public finance. Why are these sins important? In your opinion, why do decision makers choose to employ these methods knowing that they will have bad consequences for their jurisdictions? Do you think these accounting tricks should be legal in the public sector? Why? Why not? Do you think these 7 deadly sins affect public trust in their governments? How? Article https://www.governing.com/finance101/gov-deadly-public-finance-sins.html

You have been hired as a consultant for Pristine Urban-Tech Zither, Inc. (PUTZ), manufacturers of fine zithers. The market for zithers is growing quickly. The company bought some land three years ago for $2.1 million in anticipation of using it as a toxic waste dump site but has recently hired another company to handle all toxic materials. Based on a recent appraisal, the company believes it could sell the land for $2.3 million on as an after tax basis. In four years, the land could be sold for $2.4 million after taxes. The company also hired a marketing firm to analyze the zither market, at a cost of $125,000. An excerpt of the marketing report as follows: The zither industry will have a rapid expansion in the next four years. With the brand name recognition that PUTZ brings to bear, we feel that the company will be able to sell 3,600, 4,300, 5,200, and 3,900 units each year for the next four years, respectively. Again, capitalizing on the name recognition of PUTZ, we feel that a premium price of $750 can be charged for each zither. Because zithers appear to be a fad, we feel at the end of the four-year period, sales should be discontinued. PUTZ believes that fixed costs for the project will be $415,000 per year, and variable costs are 15 percent of sales. The equipment necessary for production will cost $3.5 million and will be depreciated according to a three-year MACRS schedule. At the end of the project, the equipment can be scrapped for $350,000. Net working capital of $125,000 will be required immediately. PUTZ has a 38 percent tax rate, and the required return on the project is 13 percent. What is the NPV of the project? Provide your explanations and definitions in detail and be precise. Explain in your own words. Provide references for content when necessary. Support your statements with peer-reviewed in-text citation(s) and 5 reference(s). Abstract and conclusion required

1. Read the following articles/excerpts: Buffett, W.E. (2019). 2019 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Shareholders Meeting. Read section “Board of Directors” pp. 12-14 Buffett, W.E. (n.d.). Berkshire Hathaway Corporate Governance Guidelines. Read the open letter and commonsense corporate governance principles Buffett, W.E. and Munger, C.T. (2019). 2019 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Shareholders Meeting. Watch/read “10. Independent board members aren’t really independent” section Question for discussion: Comment on why independent board members aren’t really independent. 2. Read the following excerpt: Buffett, W.E. (1987). Warren Buffett’s 1987 Letter to Berkshire Shareholders. Read the “Financing” section Question for discussion: Comment on why excessive amount of leverage can be detrimental to the well-being of any corporation. 3. Read the following articles/excerpts: Buffett, W.E. and Munger, C.T. (2004). 2004 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Shareholders Meeting. Watch/read the “21. Easier to find bargains among stocks than IPOs” section Buffett, W.E. and Munger, C.T. (2012). 2012 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Shareholders Meeting. Watch/read the “6. Stay away from IPOs and big commissions” section Question for discussion: Comment on why participating in IPOs may not be a good investment.

Analyze Research and Development Activities Instructions The R&D of a company is in charge of designing the product line, making improvements to existing products, and coming up with new products to meet customer demand and stay competitive. Using this week’s course readings and supplemental readings, write a paper to: ? Discuss and analyze the general importance of R&D in an organization. ? Analyze your own R&D strategy for your company up through the first six rounds, and then include specific examples of the decisions that you made. ? Explain your initial strategy for R&D? Did that strategy work well? ? Indicate what you could change in regard to R&D as the rounds progressed. Then explain why. Length: 4 pages, not including title page and references References: Supplement this weeks’ readings with a minimum of 1-2 additional scholarly article. Your presentation should demonstrate thoughtful consideration of the ideas and concepts presented in the course and provide new thoughts and insights relating directly to this topic. Your response should reflect scholarly writing and current APA standards.

Part I: Investing Behavior: What are the various types of investors? Complete the interactive investor profile questionnaire at . According to this instrument, what kinds of investments should you consider? Write an introduction to your essay that provides a profile for yourself as an investor. What else can you find out about investing behavior–for example, does your profile change over time as you age or does it remain the same? How would your profile assist you and your financial advisor or investment advisor in planning your portfolio? Part II: Recognizing Fraud What is a pyramid scheme exactly? Have you ever participated in or invested in such a scheme? Have you ever been a victim of one? Research and discuss this topic in this part of your project. According to research, why can it be difficult to detect a pyramid scheme? What are some possible tip-offs to this kind of fraud? Why are pyramid schemes unsustainable? Who are the victims? Provide a diagram illustrating the dynamics of pyramid schemes. Part III: Famous Scandals Survey the Web site of a 2009 60 Minutes CBS broadcast on the Madoff affair, which includes articles, video, and links at . According to this site, who discovered the Madoff fraud and how? Who were Madoff’s victims? Visit the support group Web site created for the victims at http://berniemadoffponzisupportgroup.blogspot.com/. In the CBS video, how did Madoff defend himself? Read a Read a Journal article at the following Hyperlink that explains how Madoff’s Ponzi scheme was able to succeed. How did investor biases contribute to this success? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madoff_investment_scandal How did biases in regulatory oversight contribute to the fraud? Sample some of the videos of the congressional hearings on the Madoff scandal at . Why did representatives and senators focus their criticism on the Securities and Exchange Commission? Use the template provided. Follow APA7 format, including a title page, introduction, conclusion, citations, and a minimum of three scholarly references (not Wikipedia or Investopedia).

Assume the chief financial manager for your public company has requested you prepare a PowerPoint presentation, which will be used to develop the structure of the optimum resource for your organization for the future. In the report, you are to address each of the critical considerations below for inclusion of a specific level of debt and equity to create the structure of the optimum resource for the balance sheet. Create a PowerPoint presentation by incorporating explanatory notes below each slide, and then, develop a report on the financing decision that a publicly-traded corporation faces. Be sure your report addresses each of the following: Evaluate the leverage implications of using different levels of debt to finance an organization. Include as a chart illustrating the impact of an increasing debt ratio on ROE (return on equity) for a given ROA (return on assets) and on risk, as represented by an increase in debt costs. Explain the expected impact and importance of including each of the following in the capital structure debate: signaling theory, the constraining managers’ theory, the pecking order hypotheses, and the windows of opportunity theory. Compare and contrast the level of debt choices that organizations tend to make during times of growth in GNP (Federal Reserve rates are relatively low) and times of GNP contraction (The Federal Reserve usually will increase interest rates in times of inflation, leading to a contraction in GNP usually). How do these choices often differ across a high growth industry (health care, energy, and high tech) and low growth industry (food, utilities)?

For your municipality find the most recent operating budget. What is the total operating budget for your municipality? How much revenue comes from property tax, sales tax, and the LGDF? What other sources of revenue do you find interesting? What are the three largest expenditures for the municipality and how much are they? What if any information can you find regarding the municipalities financial position given the Covid situation? How would you re-balance the budget? Share any other insights you find interesting.

Compare and contrast financial and managerial accounting. Provide one specific, real-life example of how either financial accounting helps external stakeholders make informed decisions or how managerial accounting helps managers to improve operational and financial performance. Your paper must be formatted according to APA 6th edition guidelines, and you need to use at least three external references.