History

Assignment #13: The Great War Assignment #13: The Great War Section A: After reading the American Yawp textbook on World War I, what are some important events or ideas you learned in your readings?  Do you have an understanding as to how The United States became involved in the war?  List and discuss at least 3 important things you learned from the textbook that were new to you.  Link to Chapter:   http://www.americanyawp.com/text/21-world-war-i/ Section B:  Consider the documentary, The Great War. How was Wilson able to keep US out of the war for so long? What else did you learn about the war? Consider how this war affected individual soldiers. What have you learned about the connection between shell shock and what was previously thought of as a “woman’s malady.”  Do we have anything like shell shock today after soldiers return home from war?  Link to Documentary: https://dcccd.yuja.com/V/Video?v=1383764&node=5143639&a=447612229&autoplay=1 Section C: Discuss the Video: War to End all Wars. What information did you learn that was new to you?  What do you think are some important lessons learned from this time?  Why do you think this war is so unique in history?  Why was a Second World War an inevitable outcome after the Treaty of Versailles? Link to Video: 

Common Assignment Essay Instructions Objective of this Assignment: Due by 11:59pm on Dec. 29. Instructions: Students will follow the process outlined below to guide them in the development of a comparative essay. The essay should be approximately 500-800 words, and should include footnotes. ? Step One: See the big picture. Begin your research with the following research objectives in mind: 1. Consider why historians disagree about the significance and purpose of memorials/monuments. For example, are monuments considered works of art and protected by the first amendment or they considered public history and required to uphold certain standards? 2. Identify potential solutions to existing public history controversies. Your essay should explain which solution has worked well for one particular city/display site, and then contrast this example with one solution that has not worked well in another city/display site. 3. Offer your research-based opinion regarding the strengths and weaknesses of the source that left the greatest impression with you. Did you find this source credible? Well-researched? Objective? Solution-oriented? While you may think this is the best source, are there any drawbacks or flaws in this particular source, and if so, what? ? Step Two: Begin Research. Read and Compare the following MANDATORY scholarly viewpoints listed here. You should utilize a minimum of four sources listed below. 1. “Convenient & Inconvenient Monuments,” by Gene Dattel in Literary Reference Center (EBSCO) 2. “Government Controls Donated Park Monument Message,” by James Kozlowski (EBSCO) 3. “What is a Monument to Massasoit Doing in Kansas City? The Memory Work of Monuments and Place in Public Displays of History,” by Jean O’Brien and Lisa Blee (EBSCO) 4. “Exploring African American, Latino, and Asian Motivations to Visit a Heritage Site: A Case Study of George Washington Carver National Monument,” by Le, Lena, Sandra De Urioste-Stone, and Nancy C. Holmes (EBSCO) 5. Statement on Confederate Monuments” https://www.historians.org/news-and-advocacy/aha- advocacy/aha-statement-on-confederate-monuments 6. General Zaragoza State Historic Site: state-historic-site#:~:text=Zaragoza.,Parks%20Board%20in%20September%201961 7. “Are Museums the Right Home for Confederate Monuments” 180968969/ ? Formatting and Organization: The essay must be typed and follow college writing standards, e.g. no fragments, use appropriate grammar, develop an introductory statement and provide a conclusion, etc. No title page necessary. Your font should be either 11 or 12 pt. Your spacing should 1.15 or 1.5 and margins should be reasonable. Do not use texting language. Spell out numbers. Your sources (5 mandatory + 2 your choice = minimum of seven sources) should be both footnoted and included in a works cited section at the end of your essay. A footnote should exist at the end of a sentence             Step Three: Find additional supporting sources. Find two credible supporting sources related to  solutions. There are more solutions than those mentioned in the above articles. Many cities have  already started addressing the controversy with local laws, funding projects, innovative plans for  recontextualizing the public space. You should comment on the quality of the solution, which might  mean highlighting errors in thinking, weaknesses in strategy, or studying the public reaction to the  solution.   ONLY when a quote has been included in the sentence, otherwise, the footnote should exist at the end of the paragraph. Any acronyms or data that need to be further clarified may also be included in the footnote. See the screenshots and tips file for more assistance. Sources should be provided in Chicago Style format. Purdue is a useful online site to assist with formatting citations.

How strongly does technological change shape historical change? This is quite a tough question because of how broad both technological and historical change are. Let’s start with terms: ‘historical change’ is the more complicated; it can cover social, political, cultural and other broad trends. ‘Technological change’ I think is more straightforward. When ever you answer an essay question pay attention to the keywords. In addition to the two changes, it is asking about how ‘strong’ the connection is between them. So you are going to make and defend a statement about that connection and how strong it is. In terms of literature you should start with the key readings as well as texts mentioned in the lecture. MacKenzie and Wajcman give you the concept of ‘technological determinism’, which is the strongest, most extreme form of a connection: technological change drives (determines) changes in society over time. You would be brave (ie probably wrong) to defend technological determinism (although does Edgerton come close?). Winner on the other hand argues that some technologies powerfully shape social/political choices (think of the implications of his bridges case study). But how generalisable or common are Winner-type cases? In this essay you need to strike a balance: you do not have space to summarise all of historical change, obviously. But on the other hand one or even a handful of cases are not going prove a general point.  So I would approach this by making a series of general points in support of your overall argument, and in each case briefly offer (with good historical references!) cases which illustrate the point. In terms of further literature, you can look at the references in each of the key readings, you can find and use other good general accounts of the the technology/society relationship (for example, David Nye, Technology Matters, or Leo Marx and Merritt Roe Smith (eds.), Does Technology Drive History? and their book reviews – searchable via www.JStor.org), and you can read and cite the papers in good history of technology journals (eg Technology and Culture).

A child in the Land of Bones – surely the bogyman does exist. How else to explain what happened to Loung Ung in her five-year journey through the Killing Fields of Cambodia? And, of course, we always remember that Loung at the start of this narrative – Year Zero, the forced expulsion of nearly the entire population of Phnom Penh, which was about 2.5 million people – was five years old. By any reckoning, little Loung should not to have survived and simply been another silent victim added to an estimated 2 million killed in the Cambodian Genocide – that’s roughly a quarter of the population in 1970. So, a child in the middle of a political science experiment in social engineering can, perhaps, better explain some of the great issues of the last decades of the 20th century – the dynamics of extreme ideologies, total and absolute power, race and racism, and survival in a society that has completely collapsed – than a handful of political scientists or specialists in Southeast Asian history. Long before The Walking Dead, The Living Dead, The Book of Eli, Night of the Living Dead, Terminator, and other apocalyptic films burst on the scene, little five-year old Luong had walked through the Valley of Death, haunted by red-eyed bodiless witches – the Eaters of the Dead – and emerged as a frail ten-year old child aged beyond her years but, nonetheless, a survivor. Based on your knowledge, what were three significant events that contributed to Loung Ung’s survival? Explain and be very specific.

xtra Credit #03 Assignment: The Holocaust Extra Credit #03 Assignment: The Holocaust Fifty-one years ago, camera crews with the British and American armies entered the Nazi death camps and filmed the horror they found there.  For decades, that film was stored in the archives of the Imperial War Museum in London.  The documentary was unfinished with missing sound tracks.  But the directors, including Alfred Hitchcock, had developed a script to go with the pictures.  Frontline presented that film unedited, as close as possible to what the producers intended over a half-century ago. They made it as a document to serve our collective memory.   After viewing “Memory of the Camps,” how has your understanding of World War II changed?  What are your thoughts surrounding this genocide that claimed the lives of nearly 12 million “undesirables” (including not only Jews, but also Africans, Asians, the physically and mentally challenged, homosexuals, gypsies, and on and on the list could go of all the groups singled out by Hitler and the Third Reich) from throughout the European continent?   Section A:  By the end of the war, as stated in the film, the dead [had] been buried.  It remains for us to care for these, the living.  It remains for us to hope that Germans may help mend what they have broken, and cleanse what they have befouled.  Thousands of German people were made to see for themselves, to bury the dead, to file past the victims.  This was the end of the journey they had so confidently begun in 1933.  Twelve years?  No, in terms of barbarity and brutality they had traveled backwards for 12,000 years. Unless the world learns the lesson these pictures teach, night will fall.  But by God’s grace, we who live will learn.   The world vowed “never again” after the genocide in World War II, and again in Rwanda and the atrocities in Srebrenica, Bosnia.  Then came Darfur.  Over the past four years, at least 200,000 people have been killed, 2.5 million driven from their homes, and mass rapes have been used as a weapon in a brutal campaign—supported by the Sudanese government against civilians in Darfur.  Have we learned?     Link to Videos:  https://dcccd.yuja.com/V/Video?v=1360521&node=5086564&a=134616800&autoplay=1 Section B: What are some important lessons that George Takei reflects upon in his Ted talk?  The treatment of Japanese (and German/Italian) immigrants in America during World War II is one of those events Americans are reluctant to talk about or remember.  Why is it important to remind modern-day Americans of this event? How would you feel if your country did this to you Link Ted Talk Video: https://www.ted.com/talks/george_takei_why_i_love_a_country_that_once_betrayed_me

Reflect on the ways in which social, racial, political, and religious conflict changed the thirteen mainland British colonies from the period 1607-1750. In your answer spend some time evaluating how these different conflicts might have made the thirteen colonies different than Great Britain itself, and speculate on the connections between the divisions present in the colonies and the eventual war for independence in the 1770s. Be sure to cite from the Davidson text, lecture, and primary sources in your answer

Instructions: The 1st semester final for this class will take the form of a 5 paragraph essay. Each paragraph should be 5-8 sentences. Your assignment is to answer the prompt you have been given as fully and as completely as you can. This final essay will test your knowledge of the material as well as your ability to order information into a coherent presentation.  Guide: Select one of the 5 prompts below Review the chapter connected to the prompt you select to find information for your essay. You can pull from other sources as well. These sources must be included in your essay in your “Works Cited” page at the end of your essay. Rubric & Format (Rubric on following page) See the attached essay rubric Construct a 5 paragraph essay with the following required structure: Header Title – Chapter and Essential Question Intro 3 body paragraphs with clear topic sentences Conclusion  Works Cited page (Alphabetical order) Grammar, spelling and punctuation will be a part of your grade. Paraphrase, DO NOT QUOTE from the text. You will be docked points for doing so. PROMPTS: CHAPTER 2 – Comparing Forms of Government Essential Question: How should political and economic power be distributed in a society? CHAPTER 3 -The Roots of American Democracy Essential Question: What ideas gave birth to the world’s first modern democratic nation? CHAPTER 4 -The United States Constitution Essential Question: How and why did the framers distribute power in the Constitution? CHAPTER 5 -The Bill of Rights and Civil Liberties Essential Question: How are your rights defined and protected under the Constitution? CHAPTER 6 -Federalism: National, State, and Local Powers Essential Question: How does power flow through our federal system of government?

Step 01: Professor’s Instructions Please take a moment to watch these instructions from your Professor on the Oral History Project.  You can also click on the above link to access the instructions. Link to video: https://dcccd.yuja.com/V/Video?v=1396824&node=5172090&a=1985773766&autoplay=1  Step 02: Select an Interview to Watch Imagine you are a historian asked to interview Jewish survivors about their experiences of the Holocaust.  Try to imagine you are an oral historian interviewing these individuals about their memories of surviving the concentration camps during World War II. Consider what kind of questions might have been asked, in order to get them to share their stories. Since there are thousands of Holocaust interviews in the Shoah Foundation archive, I have narrowed this down to four pre-selected interviews for you to choose from. Please select ONE interview out of the pre-selected interviews to watch.  You will use this video to complete the Post-Interview Essay in Step 03. *Note: Imagine you are the person interviewing these subjects.  Take notes on what stories or interesting details they share in their interview.  What are you reacting to? Interview #01: Survivor: Paula Biren “Baluty” Paula Biren, who is from Poland, shares memories of attending a special high school within the Lodz ghetto and working for a Jewish women’s police force there, including one night in which she helped take in a peddler for likely deportation. LINK TO VIDEO https://dcccd.yuja.com/V/Video?v=1396091&node=5170097&a=1773775769&autoplay=1  Interview #02: Survivor: Ada Lichtman “The Merry Flea” Ada Lichtman, from Poland, recalls how she was forced to clean dolls taken from Jewish children to prepare them for Germans to give to their own offspring. LINK TO VIDEO: https://dcccd.yuja.com/V/Video?v=1396220&node=5170424&a=1904350417&autoplay=1 Interview #03: Survivor: Hanna Marton “Noah’s Ark” Hanna Marton remembers being part of a convoy of Hungarian Jews saved by Rezso Kasztner. Kasztner negotiated with Adolf Eichmann to secure safe passage for almost 1,700 Jews. After the war, he was both branded a collaborator and criticized for not warning others. LINK TO VIDEO: https://dcccd.yuja.com/V/Video?v=1396202&node=5170378&a=973802811&autoplay=1  Interview #04: Survivor: Ruth Elias “The Hippocratic Oath” Ruth Elias was eight months pregnant when she ended up at Auschwitz. She soon gave birth with Dr. Josef Mengele dictating what would happen to her and her baby. LINK TO VIDEO: https://dcccd.yuja.com/V/Video?v=1396180&node=5170324&a=943107387&autoplay=1 Step 03: Post Reflection Essay Directions: After you have listened to the interview you selected, please complete the POST-INTERVIEW REFLECTION ESSAY.  *Note: Please answer the questions in essay format Format: Please type and double-space your report, using 12-point Times New Roman or Arial font only.  Please carefully proofread your work and write in good, clear prose, using a more FORMAL register (scholarly) tone in your writing.    After conducting the interview, students will compose and submit a Reflection Paper that addresses the following:   1) Discuss the impact, change or effect that the interview had on your knowledge or understanding of the historical period experienced by the interviewee.  Give specific examples. 2) Prior to the interview being conducted, what was your understanding of how scholars create historical narratives?  Explain how your experience of watching the interview altered or influenced that understanding. 3) Describe what you have learned from the interview about how the contributions of one individual can impact the well-being of various communities such as a neighborhood, school, church, town/city, state, and/or nation.  Explain how this project has impacted your understanding of the importance of becoming involved in order to make life better for you and those around you. 4) Identify examples from the interviewee’s experiences that illustrate challenging ethical decisions they faced and their efforts to find a solution.  Discuss how you might deal with a similar situation and what impact you think this might have on the fundamental principles that guide you in life. Your analysis should follow MLA guidelines and meet the standards of a college-level writing assignment: Academic prose, correct spelling, and proper punctuation.

Source: https://www.rutgers.edu/news/what-court-packing   Background: The United States Supreme Court is the branch of government intended to interpret the Constitution.  By doing so, it determines the validity of all actions of government.  It is asserted that Justices’ ideological leanings play a central role in decision-making.  For example, if a Justice supports less business regulation that Justice may lean conservative.  If a Justice supports more regulation that Justice may leaning liberal.  Depending on who serves, it is possible to have a group of Justices who are more conservative than liberal, or vice-versa.    Therefore, attitude matters.  The ideological beliefs of those serving on our highest court influence decisions that can affect each citizen.   Those who are nominated as Justices, therefore, are heavily scrutinized.  Because of the confirmations of the two most recent Justices, Brett Kavanaugh and Amy Coney Barrett, court-packing has been discussed.    Instructions:   Answer the following questions and submit your answers an MSWord document at Course Activities: Assignments.  Your submission will automatically be screened by Turnitin.     To answer the questions below, 1) use the source above to gain a better understanding of court-packing, and 2) research this topic further on your own.  Cite all sources that you use. (*Only credible sources may be used.  If you have a question about using a source, ask me.)      Remember: writing matters!  This is to be original writing.  Use full sentences-no bullets or listings. Use the sources above for your assignment. Do not copy/paste the source’s content or any other source.  Do not use wording and/or phrasing from these or any other sources. See syllabus for further explanation regarding plagiarism and academic integrity.     1.     Give background on the idea of “packing” the United States Supreme Court. Why do it and why is it currently being discussed?  2.     How are the president and Congress involved in who serves on the Supreme Court?  How would these branches be able to “pack” the court? 3.     Who supports the idea of court-packing and why?  Who opposes it and why? 4.     Currently, there are nine Justices on the Supreme Court.  Identify two (2) Justices-one who is characterized as a conservative and one who is viewed as liberal.  Provide background of each to support why they are characterized that way. 5.     Finally, what is your opinion on the use of court-packing?  (You need to dig deep and express an opinion on this topic.  It is not acceptable to say “I don’t have one…”).

In this essay you will need to inform a curious reader about the Casablanca. Write Convincing judgement that you have made about how successful, effective and what makes the Casablanca stand out. Make sure to include how, who and why it was created. This needs to be at least 1000 words in MLA format.