History

Answers must be typed. Remember to FULLY answer all parts of both essay questions. Provide specific examples from the films and support your analysis with the readings. If you need to rescreen the films you have access to them all (look at your syllabus). Ballpark on length–#1- 6-8pages; #2 – 4-6pages 1. “The task of rendering ourselves visible has, for feminist historians, entailed a process of re-reading the very notion of history: not as a series of Grand Events in the public domain, but as a constant interaction of the realms of private and public life. For women have always participated in public life, although most frequently through the mediation of domestic life. ‘The personal is political’ has by now become a truism for feminists….” Judith Mayne from Our Childhoods,Ourselves article. Discuss this idea in relation to the following films: A Girl’s Own Story, Growing Up Female, A Question of Silence, Smiling Madame Beudet, and Wasp. Compare and contrast their intentions and strategies. What is rendered visible and at what cost? What is invisible and at what cost? How is the struggle for agency represented? Many of these films deal with social relations within family life–analyze what is hidden in family life and how power is deployed. Contrast the critiques offered by these films and the forms these critiques take. Are women empowered? How? What is the movement from object to subject? Make sure to develop your discussion fully use at least 4 of your readings as sources and quotes. Construct a visual analysis of key sequences. 2. Discuss both the construction of masculinity & the construction of femininity in Dance Girl Dance and She Done Him Wrong. How do the main characters conform to or resist conventional notions of gender? How is power negotiated and deployed? Both films deal with female characters that are performers. How do they ‘perform’ their gender? How do they deal with ‘to-be-looked-at-ness? Are the films similar or not? In what ways? Make sure to quote from multiple readings to support your points and use specific examples from the films – examples from both the content of the stories and the visuals—the compositions of shots, where the camera is, how the audience is placed, etc.

In a 2 to 3 page paper utilizing normal margins, summarize: 1. the powers of the judicial branch under the Constitution; 2. the two main judicial philosophies and how those philosophies view the power of the Court 3. one landmark case associated with each those philosophies; and 4. your view as to which philosophy is best for democracy in the United States. Your paper should be based solely on the lectures and assigned readings.

Typed, double-spaced, 12-font   NO direct quotation can be used in your answers DO NOT COPY directly from your book This is to be an individual effort so DO NOT COPY from your peer(s)     Identify the following terms stating 1) who or what the term is, 2) when, why and how the term occurred, 3) the consequence of the event, and 4) explaining the term’s historical significance.  A solid answer will integrate specific information/examples from both outside sources and your readings. Be sure to use the topic as a lens to examine the era in study.  Ask yourself, what does this event tell me about the era? Can you make any connections to the present? Look at the topic from different angles (race, gender, age, political, economic, social, cultural, environmental, religion, education, etc..) Focus on developing a unique/creative interpretation of the topic, but be sure to support your interpretation with solid evidence.              Finally, you are trying to convince me, through written conversation, that your way of thinking/analysis/interpretation is the most accurate. This is what historians call their “argument.” Because of this, historical analysis is constantly evolving. Have fun with this assignment, and I look forward to reading your thoughts! (100 points total)                 Answer ALL of the following:- Imperialism Spanish Flu (1918 Flu Pandemic) The Truman Doctrine

You may consult notes, books, articles, etc. assigned for this class.  As always, your goal is to demonstrate your knowledge of material from lectures, readings, and discussion sections as well as your ability to use it to support an argument. Please include the word count in brackets at the end of each essay. Example: [296] Two Parts to the Exam Identification terms: (maximum: 300 words)–(75 points, 12.5 points each):  Choose one set of three terms (below) to identify in a single short essay that explains how they relate to each other while identifying them (who, what, when, where, and why) and explaining what makes these terms historically significant in the context of this course.  (In other words, a Wikipedia description of the term will not earn credit.) A. Civil Rights Act of 1964 EEOC NOW B. Michael Harrington’s The Other America The Cold War Vietnam C. Moynihan Report Black Power Frances Beal  II. Essay: (maximum: 750 words)–(125 points)  Write an essay in response to the following question.  Your essay should develop an argument supported by an abundance of historical information and examples drawn from lectures, discussions, and assigned readings.   Please do not include quotations.   Please do include citations in parenthesis.  Example: (Brinkley, 455) Identify three or four major developments or events (examples: the Cold War, distrust of government and political leaders) in the United States since World War II and well distributed across time and explain each—what brought it about, why it is historically important, who supported and who opposed it, etc.  Conclude by discussing how each development you chose helps us understand something important about the U.S. in 2020.

Required Resources Read/review the following resources for this activity: Textbook: Chapter 13, 14 Lesson Minimum of 1 primary or scholarly source (from actor/director or critic – either will count as your scholarly source requirement for discussions) Initial Post Instructions Many people would say that the 1999 premier of The Sopranos was a turning point in the development of television as an art form. Choose a television or streaming show that you feel perpetuates the idea that television is indeed a form of art. For the initial post, address the following: Include the name of the show and the director. Explain why you think this program is art. What impact does the example have on viewers’ lives? What were some influences of this work? Include a statement from an actor, director, or critic of the program that supports your points. Writing Requirements Minimum of 2 sources cited (assigned readings/online lessons and an outside source) APA format for in-text citations and list of references

Answer two prompts.  Write 1,000-1,250 words on each.  If you cite something from the course readings, cite author and page number.  If you bring in something from elsewhere, give a full footnote (any style).  Be sure to expand on the questions, using them to answer the larger issues raised in the course. 1.      Do you think Nazi/fascist sport and Soviet sport had much in common?  If not, how were they different?  Which was more successful in fulfilling the needs of their respective regimes and their populations?  What were the differences on matters of class, gender and race? 2.      Which of the three historical categories of class, race and gender is most useful in analyzing and studying sports history?  Give concrete examples of how one, another or a combination of all of them can explain modern sport. 3.      Trace the evolution of the practices of amateur and professional sports.  How was each concept or approach defined, or were they ever truly defined?  How did they evolve? How did these questions effect relations among social classes in the various places where sport emerged? 4.         Why do you think soccer was long unable to become one of the big-time sports in the United States?  Is there such a thing as American sporting exceptionalism?  Does it have anything to do with larger American exceptionalism?  Is there such a thing as American exceptionalism?  5.      How did modern sport come to be historically constructed as largely male?  What purposes             did that bastion serve?  How did it come to be challenged?  How successful have those challenges been?  Is there more to be done? 6.      What role did sports play in the various phases of globalization that emerged during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries?  Did sports drive the process of globalization or did globalization come to focus on sports as a way to spread its various “benefits”? 7.      Do you think modern sport is largely an activity particular to cities?  How did the city impact the evolution of sporting practices, and how did those practices impact the evolution of modern cities?   8.       Historically, was sport a post-racial sphere in which talent exclusively determined success?  What roles did sports play in the global evolution of race relations throughout the world over the last two centuries? 9.      Were sports the real opiate of the working masses?  Did minds filled with sports trivia become diverted from the “class struggle”?  If yes, say why.  If no, say why not and how did this change? 10.     Which mega-event tells us more about the character of nations and social/political systems, the Olympic Games or the men’s soccer World Cup?  Elaborate 11.     Do you believe that the political right or the political left was more effective in making use of sports for political purposes?  Do not limit your answer to a single time and place.  Did different sports appeal to different social groups?  Expand 12.     Where did soccer come from?  How did it evolve and then spread to the rest of the world?  In which parts of the globe did it find most acceptance?  In which parts of society did it find most acceptance?  Why do you think it found such an immense audience? 13.     Was modern sport a creation of Victorian Britain?   How did it spread to the rest of the world?  Can you think of sports that began in other places and then spread out globally?  In other words, were there other paths sports globalization took? 14.     What role did race play in the evolution of modern sport?  Was the USA the only place where issues of race were important?  What were the power relations among races in various places and times?

You are expected to choose THREE statements from the statements below and explain your opinion. Do you agree or disagree with these statements? Support your argument by using evidence from the lecture videos, textbook, and primary sources. The exam is due by 10:00 PM, December 10.  I WILL ATTACH PICTURES OF SOME PRIMARY SOURCES AS WELL AS THE LECTURE VIDEOS FOR YOU TO USE AS SOURCES FOR THE QUESTIONS. I ALSO ATTACHED THE DIRECTIONS AND QUESTIONS IN AN ATTACHMENT SO ITS EASIER TO READ, ITS LABELED FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS.pdf    Explain your argument(s) with your own sentences.  1-) After the socialist revolution in China, the United States accepted the dominance of communism in East and Southeast Asia. Thus, the policy-makers of the United States were not militarily involved in the political affairs of these regions.    2-) The legacy of colonial rule in Africa was of minor importance. Following their declaration of independence, all African states quickly achieved political stability and created prosperous nations in the continent.   3-) After World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union mutually respected and accepted their ideological differences. For this reason, post-war reconstruction in Europe did not provoke any serious tension between these two powers.   4-) Negative effects of the 1929 Great Depression were only limited to the United States. European nations could avoid the adverse political and economic impacts of the depression.   5-) Repressive military regimes in the Latin and Central American countries ended the economic dependency of these countries on the industrialized nations. These military regimes also prevented outside intervention in their domestic affairs.   6-) World War I and World War II were entirely disconnected from one another. The military and diplomatic outcomes of World War I did not play a significant role in the eruption of World War II.

Fascism and the Origins of the Second World War.  1)What factors make fascism a unique political philosophy? 2)How did Mussolini gain power and establish a dictatorship in Italy? 3) Explain how the Weimar Republic collapsed and Hitler gained power. 4) What was the security system keeping the peace after the First World War and why did it fail? 5) What conflict started World War II? 6)  Why did Britain and France conduct a policy of “appeasement” of the dictators in the 1930s?  7) Did their motives change over time? 8) Describe the sequence of crises from 1931 to 1939 which set the scene for the Second World War and show the role that appeasement played. Please use the attached documents to write this essay do not plagiarize

Paper Question: Compare and contrast Boyer and Nissenbaum’s interpretation of the events in Salem in 1692 with Mary Beth Norton’s interpretation.  Which interpretation do you find more convincing?  Why?  Points to Consider: In this essay, it is possible to argue a middle ground between the two interpretations.  If you do that, you need to be extremely clear and precise about exactly what your argument is – simply saying that you agree with both historians is not an argument. Your essay needs to state the arguments of both books clearly in the body of the paper.  You should write for an audience of a smart person who has not read either book.  This approach helps you remember to include specific examples and evidence. Your response must use Boyer and Nissenbaum and Norton and may use Levack and Kors and Peters. The discussion forum exercises on Blackboard should help you with choosing examples and quotations.  This essay does not require any outside research. The essay should be 5-7 pages long.  If it is less than 5 pages, the grade will be lowered. The Grumpy Professor Sheet is attached to help answer questions about how to write a history paper.  Please feel free to contact me at any time if you have more questions. The Grumpy Professor Sheet or how to make sure I’m not grumpy when I grade your paper. The purpose of the paper is not to determine how many facts you know, but what you can do with those facts.  You should demonstrate that you can use primary documents and secondary sources to interpret a specific historical problem.  There is no right answer.  As long as you build intelligent arguments based upon the evidence available to you and do not ignore contradictory evidence, you should be fine.  This kind of writing takes you beyond simply repeating what other historians say by forcing you to think for yourself and support your own interpretations. Do not do any outside research for the papers.  Use the material that we have covered in class.  Each paper topic lays out clearly which books should be used in that paper.  Your paper should start with an introductory paragraph that clearly defines your topic and your thesis statement.  Your topic is the historical problem you are trying to solve and your thesis, which presents your argument, is your solution to that problem.    Remember, your thesis presents your argument, not just a description of the problem or a list of questions that you will ask in the body of the essay.  The argument answers the question.  I am looking for original and creative arguments that provide an interesting and complex analysis of your sources. Your paper should end with a clear conclusion that pulls together your findings and shows how they support your thesis.  If you are having trouble writing this paragraph, it may be because your thesis is not clear or not well defined, and you will have to go back and fix it. When you quote or paraphrase another source, you must provide documentation for it.  You must provide a note immediately after each piece of evidence that you present, and before any analysis of that evidence.  (In effect, your notes should help the reader to separate what the documents actually say from what you read into them.)  Your citations must use Chicago style (footnotes or endnotes with a bibliography at the end).  If you need help with the format of the footnotes and the bibliography, a good quick reference is A Pocket Style Manual by Diana Hacker, which is available in the book store or you can access and go to “notes and bibliography style.” Your paper must have your name, the due date, and the title printed on the first page.  Your paper must be typed and double-spaced, and you must number the pages.  Your paper must be stapled. I will grade the papers based on the following criteria: Does the paper have a clear thesis statement that states the argument? Does the argument stated in the thesis appear throughout the paper? Does the paper use enough evidence to support the argument? Is the evidence used properly cited with Chicago Manual of Style citations and does it come from appropriate sources? Does the paper analyze the evidence presented and explain why it is important? Is the paper clearly organized? Does the paper have a strong conclusion that re-states the argument and analyzes why it is important? Please proofread carefully.  I do grade on grammar, punctuation, and spelling, especially when these things interfere with our ability to understand your argument.  A paper with many grammatical errors projects carelessness and gives the impression that you did not spend very much time on it. Using somebody else’s work without proper citation is plagiarism.  Plagiarism is an academic crime, and you can be expelled from Grand Valley State University for plagiarism.  For help on correct citations, please purchase A Pocket Manual of Style by Diana Hacker from the bookstore,  If you have doubts or concerns about plagiarism, please come and talk to me. Please ask for help if you need it.  If you have questions about the topic or the materials it covers, if you want someone to take a look at a rough draft at any stage, or if you just want to discuss your ideas, please contact me.  I enjoy talking to students and look forward to helping you.

For this part, you will write a well-developed essay of 3 fully-developed paragraphs total. Develop a clear thesis and support your statements with relevant examples and quotes from the text. Explain what this evidence shows. Answer all parts of the question specifically. Explain the specific conflicts Frederick Douglass faces in chapters 7 and 11 of Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave. What is your assessment of how he deals with his situation? Be specific throughout to these two chapters.