History

Instructions Purpose How powerful is a state? How powerful should it be? These questions have been debated since the Revolution. Under the Articles of Confederation, we saw states with significantly higher power than the national government; there was an attempt at more balance in the Constitution. Yet the debate over the power of each level of government continued to be debated, and this debate formed some of the reasoning behind having a Bill of Rights, led to the formation of our two political parties, and formed the basis of many of our conflicts in U.S. history. In the Federalist Era, we saw James Madison and Thomas Jefferson write the “Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions,” in reaction to the Alien and Sedition Acts; their work outlined their beliefs of where national law overreached and states should be able to counter that law. And in the Age of Jackson, we see the issue arise again in relation to the tariffs.  Task For this essay, you will need to read “The Kentucky Resolutions” and “South Carolina Exposition and Protest”. In your essay, you should: 1.      Write an introduction outlining the basic argument of state powers versus national powers. You may want to turn to the Constitution itself to find material.  2.      Write a brief summary of why each document was written. What is the historical context of the documents? You will probably want a paragraph for each document. 3.      Write a paragraph of what the two documents have in common.  4.      Write a paragraph of what the difference in the two documents is. How does the “South Carolina Exposition and Protest” differ in its argument from the “Kentucky Resolution”? 5.      Write a conclusion that answers whether or not a state should have the ability to nullify a national law, and if so, under what circumstances? If not, why not? This last paragraph will be your opinion, but remember do not use “I” in any form. State your opinion as if it were fact.  Expectations and Criteria for Success You should base your discussion with the information in the course content, though outside research is allowed if needed. DO NOT use Wikipedia as a source. As always, be sure to keep track of where you find your information so that you can provide citations in your final essay. Citations must be formatted according to the MLA guidelines, including both in-text and a final source page.  Guidelines for MLA can be found using the Purdue Owl or you can reference the Citation Help.pdf from the Start Here Module of the course.  Essays should be typed in 12-point font with a simple, clean font such as Times New Roman or Arial. Use 1″ inch margins on all sides and double-space the text. Your essay should be 2 pages.   Successful essays should be carefully organized, with strong thesis statements and specific evidentiary support.  Your introduction should include a clear statement of what you will argue in the essay (thesis statements are never questions).  The body of the essay will include at least three paragraphs (though you can write more – with this assignment, you will want four body paragraphs) that analyze and evaluate the idea of nullification. Conclude by discussing the key conclusion you reached and why (remember not to use the first person in formal academic essays).  Be sure to revise and edit carefully. Click here to review the General Essay Guidelines included in your syllabus.

During the turbulence of the 1960s, voices on the left and the right emerged to question moderation in politics. This essay assignment asks you to interpret postwar conservatism, aka the “New” Right. There are 4 major themes you need to address in your piece, not necessarily in this order and not necessarily assigned equal length/page space: A. Governmental ideology & domestic policy B. Vision of America’s role in the world / foreign policy C. Constituencies: Demographics (e.g. who they were) and how they changed over time. D. At least a brief consideration of their legacies, i.e. how national politics today still feels the reverberations of the 1960s. Black Lives Matter, the upcoming presidential contest, Trump conservatism, the Supreme Court’s composition, etc. — discussion of any one of these topics would fulfill this requirement. You could also discuss contemporary politics in relation to specific facets of the New Right, like foreign policy, economic theories/demands, even the role of the media within and without each movement. Questions you may want consider (these are for brainstorming purposes and you needn’t answer all of them): What was the appeal of your chosen movement? How did its leaders frame their arguments? Who were its participant groups, how did they relate to one another, and how were they mobilized? Was the concept of “change” present in its teachings? Why or why not? What role did the federal government play in either ideology or methodology? Race? You cannot possibly address every dimension of the movement in an essay of this length. To be strategic, you may choose to take a thematic approach. For example, the theme of “freedom”; how the Cold War shaped your movement; etc. You will need to articulate an historical argument/thesis statement about your chosen subject that clearly sets up the paragraphs to follow

Write an essay that explains  the three different statements stated below 2 pages per statement using the sources provided to add to the essay response.   The image of the harem has been central in orientalist discussions and portrayals of women and the Middle East. Discuss orientalism and the figure of the harem, its historical and modern manifestations, and social and political implications in history and modern times. Women have played a key role in the region’s historical national struggles and modern political contestations. Discuss women’s engagement in national struggles in the region and its implications on the women’s movements, use examples, cases, and your informed reflection on the mixed legacy of nationalism on women’s feminist movement. Since the mid twentieth century, the MENA region has witnessed great strides in closing some important gender gaps. Discuss some of gender equality trends in the region, the gap in gender attitudes, and how scholars in your course materials explain the gap, and what in your view best explains this gap?

They are as follows, each can be answered in 1-2 Paragraphs. 1. Why do you think no president has ever been impeached by the senate? 2. Do politics have a role in impeachment? (This can be answered in one paragraph)  3. Is this true from the framers of the constitution? – (Meaning, is this what the founding fathers imagined impeachment would be like. ) 4. What are the similarities and differences between each impeachment case? (I know you guys did this with Nixon/Trump. Now I want you to do this  with all the impeachment)  5. Would you vote differently based on the facts you read?

Keep the length of the assignment in mind – within the space of four (4) [MINIMUM] to six (6) [MAXIMUM] pages, you will need both to describe and to analyze effectively your topic, properly citing relevant sources throughout. The best papers are those that are able to present a clear and insightful historical account of their topic – describing the major contexts and causes – and to offer original conclusions as to why the topic is important and worthy of study. It will not be enough simply to summarize the history of your topic, as it has been already written in the standard histories of cinema. As you are writing, keep asking yourself, “Why is this important?” and “What impact has it made?” Please keep in mind that this is a history assignment, not a critical review of a given film or filmmaker. Any opinions or conjectures made in your paper need to be carefully substantiated by your specific research. In general, overstatements, such as “the greatest” or the “most important,” add little to your paper. A relatively short assignment such as this is better served by more modest claims. It is also NOT a biography assignment. While you may need to include some background on a particular person, it should not make up the bulk of the paper – a paragraph or two should suffice.  COURSE PAPER GUIDELINES: 1. You are REQUIRED to use and cite a minimum of three (3) CREDIBLE, AUTHORITATIVE sources for your research paper. Sources can be books and scholarly articles in journals or in the popular press. You have a wealth of resources available (both on- and offline) to you via the EH Butler Library, so make sure you utilize them. NO WIKIPEDIA ENTRIES WILL BE ACCEPTED. ALL SOURCES MUST BE CITED. If you use another’s work and do not cite them, you are plagiarizing, which will result in a zero (0) for this assignment. You must cite INTEXT and on a WORKS CITED PAGE. When in doubt, CITE.  2. All information and ideas adapted from another source must be properly cited with a bibliography/works cited page AND in-text citations. In addition, all direct quotations and their sources must be clearly indicated. Please consult either the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, the OWL at Purdue Online Writing Center, or the citation information that is available on the EH Butler Library website for the correct citation procedures. Please use MLA style and be consistent throughout the paper.  3. Be sure to state your thesis clearly and concisely at the end of your introduction. You may want to underline your thesis statement to help you remain focused on your stated goals throughout your paper. You will be expected to write in university-level English, free of errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation. If you feel you need help with your writing, contact me to set up an appointment. If you have questions or are unsure about something, contact your professor BEFORE the paper is due so I can help you find a solution.  4. Your course paper should be professionally done – meaning that it should have appropriate grammar and sentence structure throughout. Your course paper should also be free of spelling errors.’

After Socrates is found guilty of corrupting the youth and impiety and receives the death penalty, he makes these two statements: one to his accusers and one to those who supported him. What do these statements indicate about the philosophical principles that governed his life and his criticisms of some Athenian citizens? What do Socrates’s trial and his views on his role in Athenian society indicate about the polis of Athens after the Peloponnesian War? Remember to ground your argument in this historical context and that this paper asks for historical analysis, not literary or philosophical analysis.

Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of Sigmund Freud’s theory. Which aspects of his theory seem relevant to you? Which aspects seem more irrelevant?

Required Resources Read/review the following resources for this activity: Textbook: Review chapters as needed Review lessons as needed Instructions For this activity, reflect on the course content and address the following: Identify and elaborate on one or two lessons you have learned from our study of United States history that affect you today in your daily life and/or work. Provide advice to the next group of students who will be taking this course. How has this course affected you today in your daily life and/or work? What should incoming students be aware of regarding this class? What strategies did you use that they may find useful? What advice can you provide to help them earn an A? Writing Requirements Length: 2-3 pages (not including title page) 1-inch margins Double spaced 12-point Times New Roman font Title page

Please read the three short excerpts in the attached PDF. The first two are from Luther’s works, and the third is from a short pamphlet by Barclay.  Answer the following questions as best as you can by referring to these texts: 1. In “Of Orders,” Luther is talking about the Catholic holy sacrament of “Ordination.”  This is where a man is made into a priest.  All high members of the Catholic Church were in fact priests, as they still are today.  What importance does Luther put on this sacrament, and how does he criticize it? 2.  In “The Papacy at Rome,”  Luther is responding to a Catholic theologian who had already attacked Luther!  That theologian had been rather rude and he had attacked not just Luther’s religious arguments, but he had also attacked Luther personally.  How does Luther respond to this personal attack?  Is Luther at all insulting or sarcastic? 3. Robert Barclay was a member of a small Protestant Christian sect in England, the Quakers.  They were/are certainly Christian, but their understanding of religious authority (The Bible, for example) is unique among Protestants.  Does Barclay believe that the Bible is the ultimate source for God’s word, or is there another source that supersedes it?

Content Criteria  Thesis : Does this paper Have a strong opening? Focus: Does this paper stay focused on the thesis? Depth: Does this paper have enough depth to support the thesis and analysis? Analysis: Does this paper show analysis in addition to simply repeating facts? Research skills: Does this paper so strong research skills and use good sources? Accuracy: does this paper have accuracy when presenting historical facts? Use citations  Include a bibliography