Sociology

In 2012, Facebook conducted an experiment on 700,000 Facebook users without these users knowing about the research. Facebook divided these users into two groups and displayed more negative content in the news feed of one group and more positive content in the news feed of the other group. Facebook found that those users who had more negative content in their news feed were more likely to make more negative posts themselves. The opposite was found with the other group as more positive posts were made by individuals who experienced more positive content.  You can read more about the above study here.Please link for article(https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/30/technology/facebook-tinkers-with-users-emotions-in-news-feed-experiment-stirring-outcry.html)Considering what you have learned about ethics in research this week and throughout the course, what ethical issues are raised by this Facebook study? What consent issues were present in this Facebook study? Could there have been any issues with regards to vulnerable populations in this study? How would you feel if you found out that you were unknowingly part of this Facebook study? Finally, considering the hypothesis of the study that more negative content would lead to more negative posts and vice versa, could Facebook have addressed this hypothesis without manipulating the news feed content of these 700,000 Facebook users?Please make sure you look read upload course work and use this as well to complete assignment. Ensure sources are cited within course information given.

A Culturally Responsive Interaction PlanLearning Outcomes:This assignment will give you a chance to practice applying concepts you are learning about diversity, culture, and patterns of interaction in a real-world setting.Step A: Your Imaginary ClientFirst, Imagine that you are (or explain, if you already are) a practitioner providing services to a refugee client that requires extended engagement and communication with them. Some examples would be: teaching, social work, health care, counseling, or legal services.1. Then, introduce yourself to begin your essay.Identify if you are a social worker, nurse, in-home care provider, or some other profession (I recommend you use your current or future profession if relevant.)Explain in detail what kind of work you do and the services you provide.For example: I am a social worker, offering services in Portland. I identify my client’s needs and connect them to organizations and other services that can assist them and their families to care for their legal, mental, physical, and emotional needs.Then, imagine you are working with a new refugee client that is from a part of the world you are not directly familiar with. To develop a imaginary profile for your client, explore the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) site (also here) to get an idea about the people and refugee communities they serve. Then from those communities, shape an identity for your imaginary client.2. Introduce your client to continue your essay. Provide some demographic details about your client. Give your client a name, and describe their:• country of origin• gender• age• race and/or ethnicity• number of years in the U.S.• family structureFor example: I am offering services to a female client named Raissa. She arrived here from Rwanda 3 years ago, and is now 75 years old. Her ethnicity is Tutsi and she has no living husband, two daughters and 4 grandchildren.“Step B: Cultural AssumptionsNow, refer to what you gleaned from the lessons so far in this course.3. First, in your own words, write a description of culture. How is it experienced and seen?4. Next, describe the assumptions you have about the home culture of your client.**** Be sure to do this before searching online or other resources for information about their culture. You may write freely, as this exercise is not designed to judge you, but to provide a rich experience for your own learning.5. Then, (still – before searching online or other resources for information about their culture) describe the differences you understand between your culture and those of your imaginary client. What value differences do you assume? What material differences do you see?Step C: Cultural Responsiveness in PracticeDo some research with at least two reputable sources to better understand some of the experiences that your client might identify with.6. Describe: what common origins, customs, and language might shape your client’s identity –and their role in family, community, and the larger society they lived in before emigrating?For example, I might learn that:”Raissa’s first language is likely Kirundi, and that, according to the organization Every Culture, Tutsis have historically been an ethnic group of cattle herders. In Rwanda, family members and neighbors provide much of the social assistance to elders, with families living in very close proximity. Women in Rwanda today have limited economic power, and infrequently inherit land and property. When a father dies or retires, his land and property are traditionally given to his sons, and that the eldest surviving son is expected to take care of his mother and any unmarried sisters after his father’sdeath(Rwanda).”My bibliography/reference list entry will look like this:Rwanda. (n.d.). Retrieved May 16, 2020, from . Describe: What experiences might have shaped your client’s values, goals, expectations, beliefs, perceptions and behaviors?For example, as a Tutsi, what experiences might have shaped Raissa’s values, goals, expectations, beliefs, perceptions and behaviors? Researching the United Nations pages I might learn that Rwanda entered a civil war in 1994. At this time, military and militia groups began rounding up and killing Tutsis en masse throughout the country, resulting in a genocide that has left 800,000 men, women, and children dead, including estimates of one third of the Tutsi population. (United Human Rights Council)United Human Rights Council (n.d.). Rwanda. Retrieved from

what are the potential problems or issues sociologists might encounter while conducting a research study? Why should sociologists follow ethical guidelines?

Primary Question:More and more adolescents are bullied at school. But some schools are not doing enough to help them. What schools should do to effectively reduce bullying among adolescents? What schools should do to effectively help the adolescents who are bulliedReason Question is Important to You:The adolescents who are bullied will have negative psychological, physical, and academic impacts. It’s a common issue across the globe so I really want to learn about this topic.Audience for Answer:

Assignment 1: Guiding Your Research ProjectDirections:  As we discussed in class, our research often begins with a hypothesis: a statement proposing there is a relationship between two or more variables. In a 2-3 page essay, develop a “theory” using four to five variables that would explain your topic of interest.  Include the following:A. Hypothesis: a specified testable expectation about empirical reality; a tentative statement that proposes a possible explanation to some phenomena or event. A hypothesis should not be confused with a theory. It is a prediction that a relationship exists between two or more variables.1. Relationships: theories specify how concepts are related to each other. This relationship is stated in a hypothesis. Example: Older people are more likely to be depressed than younger people. Is a very simple theory about how age and depression are related. This relationship can be tested empirically by evaluating data that has been collected through research.?Hypotheses consist of independent , dependent , and intervening variables.a. independent arethe presumes “cause” or determine the variability of the dependent variable.b. dependent variables are the outcomes or results of the variability of the independent variable.2. Identify and specify your major concepts and variables. 3. What is the dependent variable in your theory? What is the independent variable?4. What would some of the intervening variables be? Below is a file of my research paper and what I had in mind use it to guide you

Thought papers are to be typed, double-spaced, 12-point font, and 2-3 pages in length. For Thought Paper 1 please answer the following question.Describe the four primary uses of nonverbal behavior—expressing emotion, conveying attitudes, communicating personality traits, and facilitating verbal communication. Describe how you feel social distancing measures have impacted the use of nonverbal behavior. In your own opinion, do you feel that electronic communication improves or impairs traditional communication (or is it about the same)?

(Case Analysis)a. Explain using case studies, how principlism is different from ethical literacy. 25 marks b. How does culture impact on ethical practice? 25 marks c. Take a look at the following case study Barney Says No: Determining the Appropriate Surrogate and the Goalsof Care available at . Outline the basic principles of ethics as they relate to this case.II. Identify the boundary crossings and boundary violations in the case.III. What steps will be involved in the resolution of this ethical dilemma?

There are considerable issues with the current public school system, and home schooling has become more popular. Clearly, there are advantages and disadvantages to home schooling.  After considering both, would you want your child to be home-schooled?  Why or why not? What are the advantages and disadvantages?

1. What is sociology and what does it mean to think “structurally?” Provide some examples.2. What is the scientific method? What are the steps?3. What are the main theories we use in sociology? The main research methods. Describe.4. Which is your favorite theory so far and why?As you can see, there are multiple question-prompts, but you should combine your answers into one flowing essay with clear section headers for each question. For example, one section could be What is Sociology, followed by The Scientific Method in Sociology…up to Favorite Theory. This is to break it up into manageable pieces which makes it easier to write and read.

Written Assignment 1In the lecture “Justice: What’s the Right Thing to Do,” Harvard professor Michael Sandel discusses two types of moral reasoning: categorical and consequentialist. Categorical moral reasoning is a type of deontological moral reasoning based on rights and duties regardless of the consequences. Consequentialist moral reasoning bases morality on the consequences of an act rather than the act itself. Sandel describes what is often called the “trolley dilemma.”With the advent of self-driving vehicles we have an updated version of the trolley dilemma. The Moral Machine is a project by MIT that is using crowdsourcing to help make autonomous vehicles “moral.” Visit the Moral Machine website provided in the Study Materials for this module and view the short video. Click “Start Judging” at the bottom of the page and go through a few scenarios.Consider the trolley dilemma that is described in Sandel’s lecture. In an essay of 500 words, discuss the following:Do you find yourself siding with a consequentialist or categorical (deontological) approach to moral reasoning in this case? Why?After reviewing the Moral Machine, describe the observations you can make about yourself in how you are judging moral actions. What ethical questions are being raised for you?Which scenario do you think is most ethical of the two scenarios described below? Which type of moral reasoning (categorical or consequentialist) would support your view? Explain. Consider the legal issues like vehicular manslaughter and liability. Who is accountable? How might laws need to be reexamined to accommodate self-driving vehicles?