Sociology

1.     I need someone to answer these questions, make sure to include the question and the answer. Below each question I included the article that you should read in order to answer the question. I will include the articles and documents in the files. Do not use any other sources to answer these questions, only use the sources that I provided.   1.           1. What is the “Euthyphro dilemma,” and what problem with Divine Command Theory does it illustrate? Based on John Arthur’s Why Morality Does Not Depend on Religion 2.      2.   Create a sample situation (not one of Kant’s, and apply the Categorical Imperative to see if the proposed action is permissible. Based on Immanuel Kant’s Good Will, Duty, and the Categorical Imperative Article https://yale.imodules.com/s/1667/images/gid6/editor_documents/life_worth_living/kant-groundwork.pdf?sessionid=e9b04489-bb65-4b4f-92de-0b2efd180608&cc=1 3.       3. Define Utilitarianism, and explain some of the problematic aspects of the theory Based on John Stuart Mill Utilitarianism “What is Utilitarianism Is” Pages 9-27  https://socialsciences.mcmaster.ca/econ/ugcm/3ll3/mill/utilitarianism.pdf and Bernard Williams Article 4. Situation 1 1. Two desperately hungry men consider stealing food so that they can eat. Ernest refrains because he fears getting caught; Vern refrains because, though he desperately wants that food, he knows it is his duty to respect others’ property. a. Which man would earn more approval from Immanuel Kant? b. In a few sentences, tell me why. (Hint – What did Kant say was the only good thing?) Based on Immanuel Kant’s Good Will, Duty, and the Categorical Imperative Article https://yale.imodules.com/s/1667/images/gid6/editor_documents/life_worth_living/kant-groundwork.pdf?sessionid=e9b04489-bb65-4b4f-92de-0b2efd180608&cc=1 4.      5.  Situation 2  2 . I want to have a really nice lawn, but that is only possible if I use Brand X week-killer. However, my next-door neighbor has a deathly allergy to it. It’s poison to his system. a. What core values of Natural Law are affirmed and/or violated by my proposed action? b. Would Double Effect allow me to use the weed-killer? Step me through all four criteria. Based on Natural Law Info

Religious Change and Continuity  1.What common Christian elements do you find in these sources? What differences in the expression of Christianity can you define? 2.The Catholic Christian tradition as it developed in Latin America, China, and India as well as Europe assigned a very important role to representations of the Virgin Mary.  In what ways does the image of the Holy Mother differ in these sources? In what ways were those images adapted to the distinctive cultures in which they were created? 3.Syncretism is the blending of religious or cultural elements. From a missionary viewpoint, develop arguments for and against religious syncretism using these sources as points of reference. What would be the benefits or drawbacks?

Please, answer these questions: Do you feel language and culture are intertwined? Why or why not. Do you think language and culture are learned? Why or why not.

listen to the section from 41:00 to 53:00 (deaf children in Nicaragua).  Podcast link: https://www.wnycstudios.org/podcasts/radiolab/episodes/91725-words 1. What changed for deaf children in Nicaragua in the late 1970’s, and why was this so important for an understanding of language development? 2. What were the critical differences between the language of the younger versus older signers? 3. What were the younger kids better at doing? 4. What does this all suggest in terms of the connection between language and thought?

How important were official Americanization and Mexicanization efforts from both governments relative to informal cultural influences in shaping the emerging Mexican American community in Los Angeles? Explain your position. Also, to what degree did negative social limits, such as segregation or repatriation efforts shape Mexican American identity formation? Do you consider the story of Mexican American Los Angeles in the first half of the twentieth century more of a triumph or tragedy? Explain your position.   This paper should be four pages in length, not including the cover page. You may have a cover page, but it is not required. You must have a title for your essay. In addition, the essay should contain an introduction with a clear thesis statement. As you may have noticed in the question, I am asking you to use the chapters from this book to make an argument about the complex formation of Mexican American culture and identity. That is, how did ethnic Mexicans view themselves, and how did they participate in the larger society around them? Do not merely restate what I have already stated in the prompt, that these formations were not linear or unidirectional. You must show how and why, and make an argument for what you think were the most powerful forces affecting Mexican American community development. Were they political forces or cultural forces?

(1) What is utilitarianism? Critically assess the plausibility of this proposal.  (2) What is euthanasia, and why is it considered to be morally different to murder or suicide? Is it? (3) What do you think is the best moral argument for vegetarianism? Does it work? (4) Does freedom entail the ability to have done otherwise? (5) What is the harm principle? Does it pose a justified limitation on our freedom? (6) What is Rawls’ conception of a just society? Is it is tenable? (7) What, if anything, would be wrong in simply saying that anything counts as art so long as this is what was intended by the creator of the artifact in question? (8) Can two identical objects differ in their aesthetic properties? (9) Can one properly form one’s aesthetic judgments via testimony from aesthetic experts? (10) What are Gettier-style counterexamples, and how do they challenge the classical account of knowledge? (11) Is knowledge more valuable than mere true belief?  (12) Is ‘knows’ a context-sensitive term?  The paper should be between 1000-1500 words.  Some related material information is provided as pdf files.

Discuss how the privileges and excellent “life chances” of the upper classes are directly tied to the poorer (or poor) life chances of the lower classes in our culture and society. Use scholarly primary and secondary sources to support your position.  Demonstrate your knowledge of how sociology is relevant to the understanding of this topic by using the terms, methods and theories learned from Unit 1 as appropriate.

1. Format the document with 1in. margins, Times New Roman, 12 pt., double-spaced, put references to all the facts and quotes (author, date). (1 pt for references and citations) Each prompt section should be one paragraph.  They will be graded for: completion, logical argument, use of evidence such as course readings and current events coherent writing, and relevance to the prompt. Answer all of the following questions: One of the functions of ideology is a guide to how to construct the ideal society.  From the ideologies we have studied so far–traditional, liberal, fascist, nationalist, and socialist: 1) which ideology do you think offers the best blueprint and why? (1 pt for the ideology and 2 pts for explanation) 2) which ideology has the greatest potential for abuse? Give an example. (1 pt for the ideology and 2 pts for explanation) 3) what is the connection between the domestic vs. international ideal society of your favorite ideology? What does your ideology prescribe at home vs. how to pursue world order in the global arena? (1 pt for the connection and 2 pts for explaining the prescription)

Jake, a college junior, is 6 feet tall and weighs 175 pounds. He has been lifting weights since he was a college freshman. Although he has gotten significantly stronger over the last 2 years, he decided he wants to have more muscle definition. He read (mainly on the Internet) a lot about nutrition and resistance training, especially about the role of protein and muscle growth, and decided to take a protein supplement to get bigger muscles and more definition. He has been taking the supplement for about 3 weeks. It consists of a whey protein powder, which he mixes with either water or milk. It contains about 60 grams of protein per serving, and he has 2 protein drinks per day. His breakfasts consist of a protein shake; for lunch, he has a sandwich with extra meat and a small salad with fat-free dressing. He consumes another shake around 4 p.m. and isn’t hungry again until about 7 p.m. Yesterday for dinner, he ate 2 chicken breasts with ½ cup of rice, a small salad with fat-free dressing, and an iced tea. Unfortunately, this past week he noticed that during his lifting he was tired and could not lift as much weight as the week before. Today while lifting, he started to feel fatigued 20 minutes into the training session. He is not sure why he can’t finish his workout and thinks maybe he should eat more protein. What role does protein have in resistance exercise? What is causing him to be so fatigued that he cannot finish his workout? Should he consume more protein?

Based upon your reading of Dr. Christina Sommers’ article on Virtue Ethics and & the video lecture by Tamar Gendler on the same topic, write a 2 to 3 page essay (double-spaced; MS doc file or rtf) answering the questions given in the instructions.  You must support your analysis with at least two short quotations from the reading and/or video, properly notated.   Proper MLA or APA in text citations are required.  Each quotation must be no more than 40 words.  Topic Instructions are given below.  Instructions: Based upon your reading of Dr. Christina Sommers’ article on Virtue Ethics & the video lecture by Tamar Gendler on the same, write a 2 to 3 page essay (double-spaced) on what virtue ethics is and how each of these philosophers explains it.   You will need to answer the following questions: According to Sommers, what is the main problem today and what is her basic answer both in terms of content and scope?  And then, from the lecture by Dr. Gendler, explain how we can turn normative commitments into descriptive laws and what does it mean to do that, according to her explanation of Aristotle’s virtue ethics (video link)?  Do you think it is fair to say that virtue ethics, as Tamar Gendler explains this moral theory, is a type of human programming and, if so, does this view challenge or undercut the idea of good human behavior as a matter of choice rather than response without thought?   Explain.  Do you think this approach of Professor Gendler to how virtue ethics becomes part of us goes along with Professor Sommers’ thesis on what is needed in schools today or not?  Explain.  Finally, what part of Christina Sommers’ analysis and proposal you find convincing, if any, and what part of it, if any, do you find questionable?