Discussion: Screening and Reliability

Discussion: Screening and Reliability
Discussion: Screening and Reliability
Discussion: Screening and Reliability
Week 2 discussion Screening and Reliability From the U.S. Preventive Task Force website https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/BrowseRec/Index (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., choose one screening test that might be considered in primary care. Define the test, its positive predictive value, reliability and validity. Discuss patient medical or family history that may alter your recommendation for screening?
By using methods for item selection, the authors developed short (three-item) and long (six-item) versions of the questionnaire and evaluated them for validity among 504 participants.
Results
Internal reliability was excellent, with coefficient ? values of 0.87 and 0.93 for the short and long versions, respectively. When the authors dichotomized instrument scores at optimal thresholds, both versions had a sensitivity of 99 percent and a specificity of 97 percent for correct classification of the presence or absence of TMD. The specificity was at least 95 percent in the correct identification of people with nonpainful TMJ disorders or headahce without TMD pain.
Conclusions
With use of appropriate psychometric methodology, the selected items exhibited excellent content validity. The excellent levels of reliability, sensitivity and specificity demonstrate the validity and usefulness of this instrument.
Clinical Implications
Using this instrument will allow clinicians to identify more readily—and cost-effectively—most patients with painful TMD conditions for whom early and reliable identification would have a significant effect on diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.
The Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire (PDSQ) is a self-report scale designed to screen for the most common Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) axis I disorders encountered in outpatient mental health settings. The results of 4 studies of the PDSQ involving more than 2,500 subjects (aged 18–91 yrs) receiving outpatient mental health care are reported. In 2 studies the understandability of the items on the PDSQ was examined. Items that initially were less well understood were rewritten, and all items of the final version of the scale were understood by more than 90% of the respondents. In the other 2 studies, the reliability and validity of the PDSQ subscales was examined. A priori criteria were established to guide the revision of subscales. The final version of the questionnaire contains 13 subscales (major depressive disorder, bulimia, posttraumatic stress disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, alcohol abuse/dependence, drug abuse/dependence, somatization, hypochondriasis, and psychosis), each of which achieved good to excellent levels of internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and discriminant, convergent, and concurrent validity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)