Early American History

Your task is to write a formal paper that answers each of the following questions thoroughly. Your grade depends not only on how well you answer each question but also on how much evidence and examples from primary sources, lecture notes, films, and textbook you use to do so. Be specific. Analyze the sources. Explain how the evidence and examples you use answers the questions. Put otherwise, the more that you incorporate the primary source materials and information from the textbook and lectures to support your analyses, the higher your grade. You should write a minimum of a paragraph to answer each question; with primary source evidence, you should be in the range of 1 page. Your writing should be polished and effective, and your argumentation convincing. Format the paper, with 12-point Times New Roman font, 1-inch margins, and double-spaced.1. What are the major differences between European cultures and Native American (or American Indian) cultures? How did Europeans view natives? How did American Indians react to Europeans’ arrival? How does the primary source “A Memo of Indian Children” reflect the English’s view of American Indians?2. What is Mercantilism, and what is its relationship to Colonialism? What is the Columbian Exchange? What was the importance of tobacco and sugar? Discuss the four factors that led to Europeans’ arrival on American shores.3. What was Bacon’s Rebellion and why is it important? How does “Bacon’s Declaration” underscore the interests of small, white farmers? What are headrights and the House of Burgesses?4. Compare and contrast the relationships with the English (New England and Chesapeake region in Virginia and Maryland) and American Indians. How does the Mary Rowlandson primary source reflect the conflict and cooperation between two conflicting civilizations?5. What makes a society theocratic? How does the “John Winthrop” primary source reflect this?6. Compare and contrast indentured servants with the institution of slavery. Why did African slavery supplant indentured servitude? How does the primary source “Boston News Letter” shed light on this, or complicate it?7. What was the role of women in colonial society, and why is it important that about 25% of indentured servants were women?8. What is the Middle Passage and how does the primary source “Equiano” reflect the nature of the institution of slavery on the ships?9. What is the Great Awakening? What is the Enlightenment? Compare and contrast these intellectual movements, utilizing the primary sources “Hannah Heaton,” “Edwards’s Sinner in the Hands of an Angry God,” and “Voltaire’s Treatise on Toleration.”10. Discuss the factors that led to the Seven Years’ War/French & Indian War. Discuss the consequences of the war. In the context of colonialism and the expansion of an imperialist empire like that of Great Britain, how does the primary source “Benjamin Franklin” show that Americans remained committed to the political economics of empire-building?11. How radical or revolutionary was the American Revolution? Was it a conservative or liberal movement? Explain. What does Tom Paine have to say about this in “Common Sense?”12. Discuss the three phases of the war (in lecture notes). Which phase was most important to the outcome? How does “Albigence Waldo” demonstrate the state of the Continental Army and theconditions in which soldiers endured, and what does that say about Americans’ commitment to the war effort?13. Is there a contradiction, in terms of liberty/freedom, along gender, racial, class, and ethnic lines, in the Declaration of Independence? Why or why not? How does the testimony of “Boston King” help us to understand the view of slaves and other free Blacks? How does “Boston King” contrast with how “John Dickinson’s” song defined freedom and slavery? What are natural rights, according to the Declaration of Independence?14. Assess the impact of the American Revolution. How did it impact the lives of women, blacks (both slave and free), natives, as well as lower, middling folk, and upper-class whites?15. What are the important factors that led to the Philadelphia Convention and the ratification of the U.S. Constitution? Briefly discuss the principles embodied in the U.S. Constitution, especially the first 10 Amendments, the so-called Bill of Rights. Have we lived up to these principles? Explain.16. Compare and contrast the philosophies and points of views of the Federalists and anti-Federalists. In your view, which side was correct and why? Was “Madison” or “Mercy Otis Warren” correct and why? Mercy Otis Warren is a woman. What does it say about the changing roles of women in public life that she wrote about popular politics in a 1788-pamphlet? According to the “Susannah Rowson” primary source, what does public opinion at the time indicate about the role of women in early America?17. Compare and contrast the competing visions for the future of the new republic between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton. How did each view the role of the constitution? How did each interpret the Constitution? With whom do you agree, and why?18. How does “Greenleaf’s Journal” reflect the tumultuous early stages of the popular politics that became our two-party system? Do the conflicting accounts remind you of today’s media? Explain. How and why did protesting become an integral part of our popular politics? Considering the protests ongoing today, are protests productive or counterproductive? Discuss.19. What is the cotton gin, and why is it important? What did Whitney and Jefferson discuss and what does it say about both cultural and technological changes at the very beginning of the First Industrial Revolution?20. What is judicial review? Discuss the debates—nullification and Marbury vs. Madison (1803), among others—about the role of the judicial branch in interpreting the constitutional powers of the federal government. With which side do you agree and why?21. Discuss the role of Native Americans—particularly Tecumseh and his brother The Prophet—in the War of 1812. In the primary source “Tecumseh,” what did he say about the need for Indian unity or nationalism? In what specific ways does the “Star Spangled Banner” underscore an emergent American nationalism, and how does it compare to Tecumseh’s vision for Indian solidarity? How did American victory alter the relationships between American Indians and American citizens thereafter?22. What do historians mean by an “era of good feelings?” What can we learn about antebellum American cultural life from the “Anne Royall” primary source?