High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education Extensively Research Proposal

High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education Extensively Research Proposal ORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED AND ORIGINAL ESSAY PAPERS ON High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education Extensively Research Proposal I am retaking the Quantitative Methods course for the second time and my current research proposal matches the previous one which made the plagiarism report very high. I have the plagiarism report and I need a professional writer to re-do the work by rewording and bringing new references in order to make the plagiarism report go down to around 10%, with making sure everything is on the right track by following the syllabus, even though the current information is good and fit the goal of the research purpose, but since a change will be happening, re-checking the information after revising the content is very important. The current plagiarism report around 70%, but some of the information was permitted such as the survey and recruitment letter. etc. High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education Extensively Research Proposal ORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED AND ORIGINAL ESSAY PAPERS ON _final__yasir_s_research_proposal_hfs.docx originality_report.pdf safeassign_originality_report.pdf Use of High-Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education More Extensively Research Proposal Yasir Alsalamah Daemen College NUR-603 Prof. Deborah Merriam Use of High-Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education More Extensively There is a limited opportunity for nursing students to provide care and treatment in today’s complex and high-risk environment. Especially, cases that involve critical and emergency situations. The simulation, therefore, provides nursing students with the opportunity to utilize and apply their nursing skills in a safer environment. Students will be able to have learning opportunities and practicing scenarios for solving problems and practice decision making using human patient simulators in a student-centered environment in a non-threatening way (Bradshaw, 2016). The environment is sufficiently realistic for allowing suspension of disbelief so students can comfortably put theoretical knowledge into practice. The simulation process, therefore, equips the students with specific clinical skills by providing a way to improve clinical judgment, decrease errors and increase safety. Moreover, HSF is used to build a self-confident and productive environment for nurses to work. Only when nursing students have confidence in their abilities, they can shift focus to the needs of their patients and practice (Jessie et al. 2016). High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education Extensively Research Proposal Student’s ability in today’s high-risk complex healthcare settings to deliver quality care in a safe manner is limited due to the complex situations of client conditions that emerge in the middle of students’ medical rotations. High fidelity patient simulation (HFPS) equips the learners with the skills to practically relate nursing skills in a safe setting (Kaddoura, at. el, 2016). However, there is limited evidence about the efficacy of this approach in aiding starting nursing learners to acquire basic nurturing abilities. This research will focus and explore the level of students’ self-confidence after perceiving and implement HFPS into a practical course and its effectiveness on their practice. High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education Extensively Research Proposal Khalaila, 2014, defines simulation as a near representation of an actual life event, which can be presented through different methods such as computer software, case studies, written clinical scenarios, live actors, role-playing, games or manikins (Khalaila, 2014). As a method of teaching, role modeling can provide students with a wide range of worthwhile experiences. Role modeling has a potent influence on molding how students’ practice. As such this concept of learning engages in the principles of behavioral and social strategies of learning (Armstrong, 2008). High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education Extensively Research Proposal There is a valuable role for clinical instructors regarding students learning as they could either help or create difficulties regarding their student’s learning and self-efficacy (Rowbotham, 2015). Zapko et al. (2018) concluded that serial simulations and having students experience simulations more than once in consecutive years is a valuable method of clinical instruction. In addition, medium fidelity community based pediatric simulation could be used effectively among novice nursing students (Lubbers et al., 2017). Khalail (2014) established the use of simulations before and during nursing student’s first clinical practice to be a useful and effective learning strategy.High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education Extensively Research Proposal Utilizing simulation labs before as well as during the first clinical practice of nursing students is an essential and effective learning strategy in terms of increasing their self-confidence to practice nursing skills. Nursing educators should be aware of the high level of anxiety among nursing students during their first clinical practice and develop a program that could help in reducing students’ anxiety through high fidelity simulation labs (Khalail, 2014). High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education Extensively Research Proposal According to Al-Ghareeb et al., 2015, the use of simulation in nursing education and curricula is limited in Saudi Arabia due to its high cost and learning technique. Which leads to less and limited research conducted regarding the use of HFS in Saudi Arabia. That being said, the limited use of HFS might affects negativity on the nursing students when it comes to demonstrating their nursing skills in a confident way and self-oriented, which has reflected adverse outcomes on the healthcare system and the nursing professions in Saudi Arabia (Al-Ghareeb et al., 2015). This study will specifically be designed to target Saudi undergraduate who have not obtained their BSN and nursing registration in Saudi Arabia, regarding the benefits of utilizing HFS more extensively, and its positive impact on undergraduate Saudi nursing students. Study Concepts The main concept of the purposed study is to explore and investigate the level of self-confidence in Saudi nursing students regarding their practice and preparation for real-life situations, and clinical settings, as well as critical situations. That being said, nursing career is one of the hardest profession in comparison with other careers, due to the responsibilities that nurses have toward tier patients, not to mention stressful and critical situations that they face almost n daily basis, which required the nurses to be confident and calm regarding their job and responsibilities, which mostly comes with experiences and that is required by the nurse to go through in order to achieve the expected and desired level of self-confidence. The use of high-fidelity simulation lab in nursing practice has proven its effectiveness in terms of students’ learning. High-fidelity simulation increases knowledge and confidence, and students are more satisfied with simulation-based teaching in comparison to other methods. There is a valuable role for clinical instructors regarding students learning as they could either help or create difficulties regarding their student’s education and self-efficacy (Rowbotham, 2015). The benefit of simulation is to provide students with opportunities to practice their clinical and decision-making skills through various real-life situational experiences. It promotes skills acquisition, aids development of clinical judgment, and teaches students about complex clinical situations with lifelike examples (Jessie et al. 2016). Clinical educators can help or create difficulties regarding their students’ learning and self-efficacy (Rowbotham, 2015). High-fidelity simulation provides opportunities for clinical educators to be a positive role model. There is a need for nursing educators to implement HFS in nursing curricula, where its integration can bridge the gap. Social learning theory, which also called observational learning, is described as learning that takes place when an observer’s behavior or attitude changes after viewing the behavior of another. This modeling process can influence the generation of new behavior patterns and attitudes and enhance creativity (Leh, 2004). In this paper, the researcher has highlighted the importance of Bandura’s Social Learning Theory in nurse education and increasing self-efficacy. The finding of the current study will represent the current level of undergraduate Saudi nursing students regarding their level of self-confidence in practice with HFS, and this will play a significant role in the development of educational methodologies for educators. Also, this will support other studies that were done in Saudi Arabia that might aid reflectively on the importance of high-fidelity simulation labs in increasing students’ self-confidence. Purpose of the Study These study aims of the study is to determine and investigate the level of self-confidence in the practicing experience with HFS of Saudi undergraduate nursing students who are still in their BSN program. That being said, the goal of the study is to evaluate the level of self-confidence of Saudi nursing undergraduate students with their practice experiences with HFS, so that we could come out with new information and techniques of utilizing HFS in order to improve educational outcomes. Nursing programs and could be improved by using this finding, knowledge, and information that will be gathered and reported from the current study’s results and findings about the use of HFS and its effectiveness on the level of self-confidence in practice of Saudi undergraduate nursing students. For this research paper, the identified research question is: ” What is the impact of utilizing HFS on Saudi undergraduate nursing students regarding their level of self-confidence in practicing nursing skills”? Moreover, this paper will highlight the finding from the literature on the extensive use of high-fidelity simulation in nursing education. Also, the study aims to analyze the literature and studies on the use of simulation practice in nursing education and how HFS impacts nursing students in terms of their self-confidence, as well as to recommend avenues for further study. A nurse’s confidence in her/his ability is essential for excellent patient care. Only when nursing students have confidence in their abilities, they are able to shift focus to the needs of their patients. Shifting from their own needs to that of a patient is essential to be a safe and competent practitioner. A literature review will be conducted to examine the available research findings on the use of high-fidelity patient simulation in nursing education and its effects on student nurses’ self-efficacy and confidence in practice. Research Question The focus of the research study is to determine the impact of High-Fidelity Simulation in terms of increasing the level of self-confidence and efficacy in Saudi Undergraduate Nursing students who are in their BSN program. The results of the current research will aid in coming up with new literature and techniques that can support the use of HFS in order to improve education outcomes for nursing students in Saudi Arabia. The research question of this study will be as follows : ” What is the impact of utilizing HFS on Saudi undergraduate nursing students regarding their level of self-confidence in practicing nursing skills”? The Significance of The Study The results from this study will show the effects of using HFS on nurses during their undergraduate training in regards to their self-confidence and efficacy. The results can be applied in several ways. First, they can be used as a precursor to promote the integration of High-Fidelity Simulation in Saudi Arabia since at the moment the application is very minimal (Albagawi, 2019). Also, the study results can be used to show the best time in nursing training that HFS should be integrated and utilized to achieve maximum results. In a nutshell, the study results will be very key in promoting High Fidelity Simulation in Saudi Arabia which will be very beneficial to the overall industry in the country (Albagawi, 2019). On the bigger picture, the study results will also contribute to the vast growing literature about HFS and also future researchers can cite and reference it when doing more research in the field. Definition of the Terms The descriptions of the terms of this study are: Self-efficacy: Bandura (1997) defined self-efficacy as an individual judgment of how well one can implement courses of action required to deal with prospective situations. Also, self-confidence affects every area of human endeavor. According to Bandura (1997, p. 425), “If self-efficacy is lacking, people tend to behave ineffectually, even though they know what to do.” Novice Nurses Students: According to Benner’s (1984) definition of the novice and beginner nurse, there is an expectation of how the nurse will performing in certain situations without any previous experiences. Limitations Some limitations might be recognized while administering the study, as the small sample size of the participant which consisted of 30 nursing students. According to Gray, et al., (2017, p347-352) a minimum of 30 participants are required for a study with one variable in order to approach a normal distribution (Gray, et al., 2017, p.347-352). That being said, due to the small sample of the nursing population, the results of the current study cannot be generalized on the population of undergraduate Saudi nursing students, since there was limited access to the participants. Moreover, luck of reaching higher and well-respected Hospitals and Nursing colleges in Saudi Arabia in order to come out with greater findings of the study. High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education Extensively Research Proposal Theoretical Framework The Theoretical Framework for this study is Bandura’s social learning theory (1997) which hypothesizes that poeple receive and learn from one another through observation, imitation, and modeling. In this case, the skills are learned and acquired by inspecting others and seeing the outcomes of their performance. According to Bandura (1997), the five basics social cognitive abilities are the capacity to use the symbols, receiving by observation, forethought, self-regulation, and self-reflection. Bandura’s social learning theory (1997) also suggests and provides criteria for performing functions in the gathering of data and evaluating the data to achieve a decision. This is majorly achieved by giving attention to the events happening around the observer. For this reason, first element of Bandura’s social learning theory (1997) is attention. In this case, this postulates that observers learn by paying consideration concentration to the events occurring around them. This element finds its utilization in nursing in such a way that nurses learn by considering the clinical environment around them (Grusec, 1992). The scope of utilizing Bandura’s social learning theory (1997) in nursing practice and research is to develop confidence and self-efficacy in students and nurses. Besides, there are observation guides to recall when the observer retains the information either by visible or nominal representation (Lund, 2008). Bandura (1997) also hypothesized that the knowledge recalled must be put within fitting performance and this form the reproduction element of Bandura’s (1997) model. By retaining the information, the nursing undergraduates’ students and nurses elaborate touch of confidence and self-efficacy, while internalizing the knowledge and information (Masoudi, 2014). This selective memory can help them remember important clinical skills during their learning and practice. In any case, Bandura (1997) describes self-confidence as the belief one has in their capacity to perform an assigned duty successfully. High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education Extensively Research Proposal Bandura (1997) theorizes that self-efficacy is a significant determinant of self-regulation. He states that people gain a particular belief on their capacity to accomplish an objective based on how much work they need to put on this performance to accomplish it. For instance, a person that considers themselves incompetent in performing a particular task will be less confident and efficient as opposed to a person that believes that is good enough. Strong self-efficacy increases what a person can achieve. On the contrary, people with low self-efficacy believe conditions are more difficult than they are. In fact, according to Grusec (1992), self-efficacy is a strong predictor of accomplishments in life (Grusec, 1992). In many instances, nurses lose confidence in situations where the nurse is not aware of the clinical situation when they are presented to it for the first time. This action could come from the personal perspective of being incompetent in administering the situation. In other instances, loss of self-confidence can create anxiety and worry and this can influence negative belief and cause a career change (Dimitriadou–Panteka, et al, 2014). Bandura (1997) also defined verbal persuasions and physiological states that influenced a student’s confidence. In this case, Bandura’s (1997) theory of social learning develops confidence in nursing students in such a way that habits practiced during simulations make the learners accustomed to those events even before the actual practicing. Observational training happens by practicing each step (Jamshidi et al, 2016). Nursing students require retention skills to understand each step of the method combined with the motivation and the urge to complete it in the first year of clinical. Also, the internalization of the clinical situation must happen (Bandura 1997). Only when they have internalized and are confident about their knowledge and practice to achieve, can the person bypass anxiety and confusion while completing a duty (Jamshidi et al, 2016). Bandura’s (1997) theory of social learning will be utilized to the current research due to its Theoretical framework since it is based on observation, attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation. In this case, these factors influence not only the nurses’ confidence but also their self-efficacy regarding performing and achieving important and major nursing duties in a practical clinical environment. Design In this paper, a descriptive quantitative methodology will be adapted to determine the level of self-confidence in the practice of Saudi undergraduate nursing students. Also, a sample population of Saudi undergraduate nursing students will be included. The sample size of the population will comprise a minimum of 30 Saudi undergraduate students. According to Gray et al., a minimum of 30 participants are required for a study with one variable in order to approach a normal distribution (Gray, et al., 2017, p.347). Weaknesses will be identified while conducting this study included the sample size. The findings cannot be generalized to Saudi’s population of nursing students, as the access to the participants will be limited. The number of Saudi undergraduate nursing students who are practicing and experiencing HFS will be included in this research study. Moreover, the study will be conducted by a new researcher who has little experience in quantitative research. The strengths of the study would be guidance from a thesis committee chairperson who will provide direction and support to the new researcher to assist with the completion of the study. The researcher of the study will conduct a survey based on several assumptions during the conducting process of the research. Also, the study will be done at a Nursing private College in Saudi Arabia that utilizing high fidelity simulation extensively on their nursing program, and the data will be collected at the end of their clinical classes. Finally, the rating scale survey that will be used in this study will have no interpretation in its scale regarding students’ self-confidence. In other words, the survey that will be used in this study is a 10 Likert type measurement tool, which (1) means certain cannot do and (10) certain can do, without any interpretation of students self-confidence in the middle, what if a student select number (7) does that means good? That would be difficult to determine. The 10 Likert type measurement type tool entitle the Nursing Competency Self-Efficacy Scale (NCSES) was developed, validated and tested by experts in nursing research and practice. High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education Extensively Research Proposal Hypothesis The hypothesis for the research is ‘the use and training of undergraduate BSN nursing students in Saudi Arabia through HFS will improve their self-confidence and efficacy in their nursing Practice. The independent variable is High Fidelity Simulation while self-confidence and efficacy are the dependent variable. The hypothesis for the research is associative, simple, directional and research (Gray, Grove & Sutherland, 2017). In this case, it is associative because it is non-causative between the two variables and instead aims to investigate how the variables co-occur (Gray et al, 2017). Moreover, the research is simple because it compares two variables only while it is directional since it predicts that the use of HFS will have a positive effect on the self-confidence of Saudi nursing students. The hypothesis is also a research hypothesis since it asserts that there is a relationship between the variables in the research and, in our case, the relationship is simple, directional and associative (Gray et al, 2017). High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education Extensively Research Proposal Independent Variable Conceptual definition: High fidelity simulation is the independent variable of the purposed study. Fadi. M. et al., 2015, p,1, stated the definition of simulation as approximations to the reality that require trainees to react to problems or conditions as they would under genuine circumstances (Fad. M et al., 2015, p.1). The fidelity of a ‘simulation’ relates to how nearly it replicates the selected domain, and also how is it determined by the number of elements that are reproduced as well as the error between each component and the real world (Gaba, 2004, p.8). The positive impact of High-Fidelity Simulation has proven its effectiveness throughout the nursing history. According to Zapkoa, 2018, the National League for Nursing (NLN) has recommended the use of simulation in nursing as a significant teaching approach since it has been evaluated by NLN as the best educational practice for the learning and development of the nursing students (Zapkoa, 2018). Operational definition: The operational definition of the proposed study is to ascertain the impact of utilizing High Fidelity Simulation labs more extensive on undergraduate Saudi nursing students, by using HFS role-playings, briefings, clinical scenarios, observations, and demonstrations throughout the nursing program. There is a valuable role for clinical instructors regarding students learning as they could either help or create difficulties regarding their student’s learning and self-efficacy (Rowbotham, 2015). Zapko et al. (2018) concluded that serial simulations and having students experience simulations more than once in consecutive years is a valuable method of clinical instruction. In addition, Khalail (2014) established the use of simulations before and during nursing student’s first clinical practice to be a useful and effective learning strategy. Utilizing simulation labs before as well as during the first clinical practice of nursing students is an essential and effective learning strategy. Nursing educators should be aware of the high level of anxiety among nursing students during their first clinical practice and develop a program that could help in reducing students’ anxiety through high fidelity simulation labs (Khalail, 2014). Simulation is designed to optimize transference of knowledge and skills to practice sitting and it is not surprising that simulation labs give the nursing students the perfect learning environment as it provides them with the opportunity to immerse themselves in a realistic, dynamic, and complex situation which requires critical thinking and problem solving without harming any patients (Tuttici et al. 2016). Dependent Variable Conceptual definition: The dependent variable for the purposed study is to investigate and examine Saudi undergraduate nursing students regarding their self-efficacy and self-confidence in practicing nursing skills after their clinical and learning experience with HFS. Self-confidence is defined as the following: Self-efficacy : Bandura (1997) defined self-efficacy as an individual judgment of how well one can implement courses of action required to deal with prospective situations. Also, self-confidence affects every area of human endeavor. According to Bandura (1997, p. 425), “If self-efficacy is lacking, people tend to behave ineffectually, even though they know what to do.” Also, self-confidence in learning can develop as well as improve nursing students’ skills, attitudes, and knowledge regarding their educational development, progress, and clinical competency. This paper will be developed to answer the research question entitled, ” What is the impact of utilizing HFS on Saudi undergraduate nursing students regarding their level of self-confidence in practicing nursing skills”? Operational definition: The dependent variable of the proposed paper to investigate and examine Saudi undergraduate nursing students regarding their self-confidence and reducing anxiety using HFS based on a ten-point Likert scale. The range of scores will indicate the level of nursing students’ self-confidence with their clinical simulation activities. Human Rights Assurances A written letter of recruitment or consent will be created by the researcher. The ethical approval will be obtained from Daemen College’s Human Subjects Research Review Committee (HSRRC). Although the study will have a minimum risk on the study’s participants even if they scored low in their self-confidence rating scale, the IRB must examine and approve the study to ensure the minimum risk. The participants will only be asked regarding their learning with HFS besides demographics questions about their gender, age, and current position. There won’t be any personal information that will be required. Also, participants will be informed about how the risks of the study were minimized and maximized the benefits with a description of the study’s benefits and how they can improve the current evidence and practice. Also, the researcher will provide his contact and email so that the participants know whom to ask in case of any inquiries or questions (Gray, et al., 2017, p. 177-178). Moreover, the researcher will allow time between explaining the study and its purpose and signing the consent letter in order to provide the participants with sometime before the approval of the participants to allow them to think about their decisions before signing the form(Gray, et al., 2017, p. 177). There would not be any consent letter for the participants in order to make it easier for them, and the researcher will waive the consent letter in this study. The survey will be distributed equally using the SurveyMonkey website with a link to access the survey. The participants will be informed that their participation is voluntary, and they can withdraw at any time with no risk. Permission to recruit will be granted from the private college. The permission to access students for this study will be obtained as they will post the recruitment information, including the information letter (see Appendix A) with a link to the surveys on their official Facebook page. Emails will also be sent to recruit participants with the information letter (see Appendix A) containing the link to the surveys to enhance them to participate in the study. There will be also clarification on the survey. The 10 Likert type measurement type tool entitle “the Nursing Competency Self-Efficacy Scale” (NCSES) was developed, validated and tested by experts in nursing research and practice (see Appendix B), that the anonymity of all participants would be guaranteed. Participants will be fully aware that their participation in the study is entirely voluntary, and they could withdraw from the study whenever they felt uncomfortable during any time of the study without any penalty. Finally, there is an explanation to the participants regarding the confidentiality of the data, as the data will be stored in Microsoft Excel and Google Drive for only the purpose of the study and will be destroyed upon completion of the study. High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education Extensively Research Proposal Setting, Population, and Sample In this paper, a sample population of Saudi undergraduate nursing students will be included. The sample size of the population will comprise a minimum of 30 Saudi undergraduate students. According to Gray et al., a minimum of 30 participants are required for a study with one variable in order to approach a normal distribution (Gray, et al., 2017, p.347). For this study, a convenience, non-probability sampling technique will be adopted since there would not be an equal opportunity for every element of the population to be included in the study, as well as the results most likely not to be generalized or representative of the population (Merriam, D. 2020). High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing Education Extensively Research Proposal Participants will be recruited via a private nursing college in Saudi Arabia. A recruitment email contains the information letter as well as a direct link to the survey using SurveyMonkey, and the data/responses will be gathered from SurveyMonkey. The inclusion criteria for the study as the following: The students will be in their undergraduate nursing program (pre-licensure program); All participants will be above 18 years old; All participants must be able to communicate in the English language in both speaking and writing. While the exclusion criteria for this study will be as the following: Saudi nurses who have completed the program; Saudi students who have not experienced practicing with high fidelity simulation lab; Students who are not able to speak and write in the English language. There is more than one internal validity in this study. First, language communication, since the English language considers as a second language in Saudi Arabia. Second, the definition of self-confidence as it might be different from one student to another. The small sample size will affect the study in regard to external validity as it cannot be generalized to the whole population. In other words, in order for the results to represents the population, a larger sample size is required. However, strengths of the study would be such as guidance from a thesis committee chairperson who will provide direction and support to the new researcher to assist with the completion of the study. The researcher of the study will conduct a survey based on several assumptions during the conducting process of the research. Also, the study will be done at a Nursing private College in Saudi Arabia that utilizing high fidelity simulation extensively on their nursing program, and the data will be collected at the end of their clinical classes. Data Collection Method and Procedure Following IRB permission. Data collection will be occurred by a recruitment email that will be sent to the nursing participants from the Nursing Private College who will be recruited to participate in the study including a letter of information (see Appendix A) Participants will be asked to do demographic questions and the online questionnaire labeled “the Nursing Competency Self-Efficacy Scale” (NCSES), regarding their Self-confidence in learning tool while or after their experience with HFS during their undergraduate program (see Appendixes C and D). The rating scale survey that will be used in this study will have no interpretation in its scale regarding students’ self-confidence. In other words, the survey that will be used in this study is a 10 Likert type measurement tool, which (1) means certain cannot do and (10) certain can do, without a