History

What do you make of personifying the homeland in Zamora’s “El Salvador.” What effect does the apostrophe have?

Each week, students are required to respond to a discussion prompt on D2L to reflect understanding of and critical engagement with the assigned readings. There will be 10 discussion prompts in total (each worth 2.5 points). Discussion prompts are posted under the “Discussions” tab. You must start a new thread to respond to the prompt. Responses to each question within a prompt must be at least 150 words in length. Also, you must respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts on the thread. Discussion posts and peer responses are always due on Saturday at 11:59 p.m. (EST). In Theories of General War, you have reviewed many theories of international war. Which theory do you like most and why? Can you apply any theory to explain the ongoing U.S.-China trade war? What is your reflection on the biological theory of aggression? Do you see any limitation of this theory? What’s your overall ‘take-away’ from the discussion on war (Chapter 1) in Approaches to Peace?

1. Read Song of the Sainted.doc AND Andrew Carnegie.doc.  2. Please answer the below questions:  A. What do both the documents tell us about the 1800s?  B. According to the lecture and “Song of the Sainted,” what challenges did factory workers face in the 1800s?  Please provide and analyze two quotes to support your arguments.  C.  According to “Andrew Carnegie,” what specific roles do the wealthy play in society? Please provide and analyze two quotes to support your arguments.

Three sub-topics How both men get their jobs (Differences) Responsibilities while in office (similarities and differences) Religious roles in society (Differences)

1.) Summarize the discussions in the podcast (1 page). 2.) How does the podcast help you understand the discussion in the lecture notes on “Africa before Colonial Rule ….” video in instructions and lecture notes in the uploaded material.

The essay should be one cohesive paper with accurately documented sources in APA format. You should not number each point, but rather incorporate each seamlessly in your essay. 1.Specifically citing your reading material for this module, please explain the key difference between the “action” of stimulant drugs such as Ritalin, and the “effects” of these drugs. 2.What does the drastic increase in Ritalin (and other stimulants) prescriptions for children tell us about the way that we regard children in American society? For example, is the drug treatment of childhood behavioral problems a sign that we have become more sensitive to the mental health needs of children, or, does this demonstrate an increasing lack of tolerance for typical childhood behavior? Please explain. 3.The TED Talk for this module argues that ADHD is not a mental disorder requiring medication, but rather, a difference in cognition. Do you agree or disagree with this assertion? Evaluate the merits of this argument. 4.Based upon the fact that 90% of children who are prescribed stimulant medications for behavioral problems are boys, explain this gender difference from a sociological viewpoint. For example, is this simply a matter of different brain chemistry between boys and girls, or, is the high rate of stimulant drug prescriptions for boys an example of gender discrimination? Please explain. 5.As ADHD is most commonly diagnosed in the school system, please recommend at least three policy changes that can help us assist such children, especially those children that are struggling academically and socially.

Prompt 1 Instructions: 1. Watch/listen to lecture titled “Understanding Physical Geography of India and Indian Ocean” 2. Read Trautmann, p. 1 to 15 3. Write a paper on the following: India’s geography is varied and has shaped the life of people in ancient times. Examine the physical geography of India and explain how it has shaped life and society of various social groups. In this paper, students will want to do the following: a) discuss the major parts of India’s physical geography: the Deccan, Himalayas, Indo-Gangetic Plains and monsoons; b) examine how each part may or may not have shaped the lives of persons living in ancient times. Prompt 2 Instructions: 1. Watch/listen to lecture titled “Mohenjo-daro, Harappa, Urbanization & Aftermath of Indus” 2. Read Trautmann, p. 16 to 31 3. Write a paper on the following: Analyze the following aspects of Indus River civilization: its patterns related to urban planning, its discovery, its decline and the diffusionist argument that emerged amongst scholars. In this paper, students will want to do the following: a) discuss the disposition of Mohenjo-daro and Harappa (lower city, raised mound and granaries) b) elaborate on its discovery in colonial times c) demonstrate understanding of diffusionist argument and the impact of Mehrgarh in Harappan studies

Writing Assignment on Muhammad Ali and the Draft When most people think of the 1960s, images of civil rights activists and anti-war protesters immediately come to mind.  One commonly thinks of Martin Luther King, Jr. or the Black Panthers, for example.  At the same time, provocative photographs of burning draft cards and violent confrontations with the police also form a large part of America’s historical memory.  The case of Muhammad Ali and conscription reflects these wider issues of war and peace and racial justice, but from a different angle that allows you to use your larger historical imagination to better understand the tensions underlying American society in that contentious decade. Let us go back to the late 1960s, when the federal government felt obligated to prosecute a celebrity draft evader, the Nation of Islam passionately advocated for their most prized recruit, Stokely Carmichael defended a man he called “hero,” who through his refusal to serve dramatically raised the profile of the growing anti-war movement (especially for Black Americans), patriotic American Legion members urged  boycotts of Ali prize fights, traditional white establishment sportswriters heaped scorn upon the young heavyweight champ, and Ali, took a courageous and costly principled stand against a war that he could not in good conscience join. Drawing on all the sources below, explain the issues surrounding Muhammad Ali’s greatest fight, his refusal to be drafted for combat during the Vietnam War.  Having read chapter 25 of Foner’s Give Me Liberty, which provides a foundation for understanding social protest and antiwar sentiment during the 1960s, read the following articles from the Washington Post (Links to an external site.) and New Yorker (Links to an external site.) for more background about Muhammad Ali and the draft.  Then consider the following sources—videos, primary documents, and newspaper and magazine articles—as you work through the assignment. The sources below are arranged around five personas, two of which are fictional composites, that represent five different constituencies/perspectives about the controversy.  While they are hardly conclusive, they should provide plenty of context for you to construct a historical argument about the incident and its larger social and political meaning.  With all that in mind, here is your prompt: Drawing on all the sources below, explain the issues surrounding Muhammad Ali’s “greatest fight,” his refusal to be drafted for combat during the Vietnam War.  Consider the historical context and the various perspectives of the five personas.  Why was his decision met with such hostility?  How did the controversy both reflect and shape larger social struggles, both in the civil rights and antiwar movements, as well as beyond?  What does Ali’s struggle tell us about American society in the 1960s?  In short, why is Cassius Clay/Muhammad Ali so important? Your paper should be a four-to-five page typewritten (1250 words, double-spaced) analysis of the issue.  A good paper will consider these questions and provide evidence from the various sources and/or your textbook to support your answer.  The essay is due Friday, February  19th .  Note that without the paper, you will not have completed all of the requirements for the course, and will therefore be ineligible for a passing grade. While grading is primarily based upon your understanding and critical analysis of the sources, form will also be taken into account.  In addition to typographical errors, check carefully for spelling and grammatical mistakes.  Pages must be numbered.  With regard to formatting, use standard one inch margins and a 12 point font.  Times New Roman is the preferred typeface.  And remember to cite direct quotations.  As a rule they can be valuable in underscoring a point, but avoid lengthy and excessive quotations: they are boring.  As for form, you can cite your work with either MLA or Chicago styles, as long as you are consistent.  Finally, do not plagiarize.  No credit will be given for dishonest work. For more information on Muhammad Ali check out : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali

Your final paper is a historiographical essay with an annotated bibliography which informs us about a particular topic we have studied this term. State a topic of historical importance about someone or something that we have studied in the first half of our term. Find several history sources which present differing views about how historians view the topic you have selected. Summarize and analyze these sources. Be sure to compare and contrast your sources –  show us how views on this topic might be viewed differently over time or by different historical schools of thought. Tidy things up with a concluding paragraph. Put other sources into an annotated bibliography for readers to pursue if they want to learn more about this topic. Yes, you may have noticed that the first four steps follow the typical pattern of an essay:  Start with the introduction with a thesis statement, then main points with your content, and then comes your conclusion. The part which makes this a final paper rather than just an essay is the annotated bibliography at the end. This paper must be original for this class and not something you wrote for a different class. It must be written by you and not by someone else. It must be in your own words and not the words of other authors. If you quote other authors or use their ideas, then you must give proper credit to those other authors. This is your opportunity to investigate an interesting historical topic and tell us more about how historians view it.  We look forward to learning from you!

Write a 300-word response to the following question. How did Rome deal with the problem of political succession after Augustus? Identify and explain at least two significant changes that occurred before Constantine.